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April 19, 2020
LEMON TREE
April 19, 2020
Scientists Report Biggest Star Explosion EverSeen
Exercise 1- Vocabulary
1. galaxy - n. any one of the verylarge groups of stars that make up the universe
Ex. There are of galaxies scattered throughout our universe.
2. theory - n. an idea or set ofideas that is intended to explain facts or events
. The findings are discussed in thecontext of a competing theory.
3. astrophysicist - n. a scientistwho studies the physical and chemical properties and structures of stars,planets and other objects in outer space
Ex. ASTROPHYSICS, the branch ofastronomical science which treats of the physical constitution of the heavenlybodies.
4. gravity - n. the natural forcethat tends to cause physical things to move towards each other
Gravity is what keepseverything from floating around.
5. collision - n. a crash in whichtwo or more things or people hit each other
The firstserious collision between the natives and the government occurred in1873.
6. pulsational - adj. aperiodically recurring increase and decrease of a quantity, such as pressure,volume or voltage
She seems to feelthe pulsation of the air itself.
7. astronomy - n. the scientificstudy of stars, planets, and other objects in outer space
They are very interestedin astronomy.
Excercise2 - Article
Scientists Report Biggest Star Explosion EverSeen
Scientistshave just seen the biggest star explosion observed to date. Star explosions areoften called supernovas.
The supernova was up to 100 timeslarger than our sun and happened in a galaxy far away.
It released two times as muchenergy as any star explosion ever observed and happened about 4.6 billion lightyears from Earth, scientists said. A light year is the distance light travelsin one year, which is 9.5 trillion kilometers.
The scientists said thisexplosion might represent a kind of supernova that has only been known intheory until now.
Matt Nicholl is an astrophysicistwith the University of Birmingham in England. He told Reuters news agency thattwo very large stars - each about 50 times the sun's mass - may have joined tomake one huge star. He thinks this took place about 1,000 years before theexplosion. The stars had been part of a binary system -- two stars pulledtoward each other through gravity.
The joined star exploded in asupernova that has been named SN2016aps.
"We found that the supernovawas able to become so bright because of a powerful collision” between thematter thrown by the explosion and a shell of gas shaken off by the star a fewyears before, Nicholl explained.
He is lead writer of the studypublished this week in the journal Nature Astronomy.
Stars die in many different ways,depending on their size and other properties. When a massive star - more thaneight times the mass of our sun - uses up its fuel, it cools off and its centercollapses. This launches shock waves that cause its outer layer to explode soviolently that it can shine brighter than whole galaxies.
The researchers observed theexplosion for two years until it lowered to one percent of its highestbrightness. They said it may have been an example of an extremely rare"pulsational pair-instability" supernova.
Peter Blanchard explains whatthat means. He said pulsational pair-instability is when very large starsexperience pulsations which throw material away from the star.
Blanchard, who co-wrote thestudy, is an astrophysicist at Northwestern University in Illinois.
He said the discovery shows thereare many new and exciting things that remain uncovered in the universe.
Very massive stars like this onewere probably more common early in the universe's history, Nicholl said.
"The nature of those firststars is one of the big questions in astronomy," Nicholl added."Seeing things further away means looking back further and further intime. So we might actually be able to see the very first stars if they explodein a similar manner to this one. Now we know what to look for."
Questions:
1. How are star explosions called?
2. Who was the astrophysicist from Englandthat told Reuters the possibility of explosion of two huge stars?
3. Do stars die in different ways? Whyyes or why not?
4. How do the astronomers explained pulsationalpair-instability?
View all episodes
By BarryFengLEMON TREE
April 19, 2020
Scientists Report Biggest Star Explosion EverSeen
Exercise 1- Vocabulary
1. galaxy - n. any one of the verylarge groups of stars that make up the universe
Ex. There are of galaxies scattered throughout our universe.
2. theory - n. an idea or set ofideas that is intended to explain facts or events
. The findings are discussed in thecontext of a competing theory.
3. astrophysicist - n. a scientistwho studies the physical and chemical properties and structures of stars,planets and other objects in outer space
Ex. ASTROPHYSICS, the branch ofastronomical science which treats of the physical constitution of the heavenlybodies.
4. gravity - n. the natural forcethat tends to cause physical things to move towards each other
Gravity is what keepseverything from floating around.
5. collision - n. a crash in whichtwo or more things or people hit each other
The firstserious collision between the natives and the government occurred in1873.
6. pulsational - adj. aperiodically recurring increase and decrease of a quantity, such as pressure,volume or voltage
She seems to feelthe pulsation of the air itself.
7. astronomy - n. the scientificstudy of stars, planets, and other objects in outer space
They are very interestedin astronomy.
Excercise2 - Article
Scientists Report Biggest Star Explosion EverSeen
Scientistshave just seen the biggest star explosion observed to date. Star explosions areoften called supernovas.
The supernova was up to 100 timeslarger than our sun and happened in a galaxy far away.
It released two times as muchenergy as any star explosion ever observed and happened about 4.6 billion lightyears from Earth, scientists said. A light year is the distance light travelsin one year, which is 9.5 trillion kilometers.
The scientists said thisexplosion might represent a kind of supernova that has only been known intheory until now.
Matt Nicholl is an astrophysicistwith the University of Birmingham in England. He told Reuters news agency thattwo very large stars - each about 50 times the sun's mass - may have joined tomake one huge star. He thinks this took place about 1,000 years before theexplosion. The stars had been part of a binary system -- two stars pulledtoward each other through gravity.
The joined star exploded in asupernova that has been named SN2016aps.
"We found that the supernovawas able to become so bright because of a powerful collision” between thematter thrown by the explosion and a shell of gas shaken off by the star a fewyears before, Nicholl explained.
He is lead writer of the studypublished this week in the journal Nature Astronomy.
Stars die in many different ways,depending on their size and other properties. When a massive star - more thaneight times the mass of our sun - uses up its fuel, it cools off and its centercollapses. This launches shock waves that cause its outer layer to explode soviolently that it can shine brighter than whole galaxies.
The researchers observed theexplosion for two years until it lowered to one percent of its highestbrightness. They said it may have been an example of an extremely rare"pulsational pair-instability" supernova.
Peter Blanchard explains whatthat means. He said pulsational pair-instability is when very large starsexperience pulsations which throw material away from the star.
Blanchard, who co-wrote thestudy, is an astrophysicist at Northwestern University in Illinois.
He said the discovery shows thereare many new and exciting things that remain uncovered in the universe.
Very massive stars like this onewere probably more common early in the universe's history, Nicholl said.
"The nature of those firststars is one of the big questions in astronomy," Nicholl added."Seeing things further away means looking back further and further intime. So we might actually be able to see the very first stars if they explodein a similar manner to this one. Now we know what to look for."
Questions:
1. How are star explosions called?
2. Who was the astrophysicist from Englandthat told Reuters the possibility of explosion of two huge stars?
3. Do stars die in different ways? Whyyes or why not?
4. How do the astronomers explained pulsationalpair-instability?