The mighty Charlemagne (742-814), King of the Franks, united most of Western Europe under his crown. He was a visionary who advanced education and reformed the laws, economy, and culture of Europe. When Charlemagne died, his son Louis I, assumed the throne. At first, all went well. But in 817, he began diving the empire among his nephews and his four sons, causing no end of problems. Twice he was deposed by his sons, and, though he regained his throne both times, he was never again able to rest securely. Caught in the middle of this epic family conflict was Theodulph, Bishop of Orleans, a city south of Paris. Theodulph, born in Spain about 750, had gone to France as a church leader at Charlemagne’s request. He was a brilliant man who worked hard to reform the clergy. He established schools and advanced education. He advocated high morals, built churches, and composed hymns of praise to God. But during the political intrigues of Louis’ reign, Theodulph was accused (falsely, it seems) of conspiring with King Bernard of Italy; and on Easter Sunday, 818, he was imprisoned in the monastery of Angers, a city southwest of Paris. There, as he meditated on our Lord’s triumphal entry into Jerusalem prior to His Crucifixion and Resurrection, Theodulph wrote the great Palm Sunday hymn, “All Glory, Laud, and Honor.” According to a tradition that can be neither confirmed nor denied, when King Louis later visited Angers, he momentarily halted by the monastery where Theodulph was helped, and the bishop appeared at the window, singing “All Glory, Laud, and Honor.” The king was reportedly so moved that he order the bishop’s release. For whatever reason, we know Theodulph was released in 821, but he died on his way back to Orleans, or shortly after his return there. Originally there were 78 verses to this hymn! Theodulph had lots of time in his prison-monastery. The first several are the ones we commonly sing today. One stance that has called by the wayside is this verse: “By Thou, O Lord, the Rider; and we the little ass, That to God’s holy city together we may pass.” The resources used for the podcast include, but not limited to; “How Great Thou Art” written by Robert J. Morgan and Hymnary.org