In 1233, Pope Gregory IX issued the papal bull Vox in Rama, which described heretical rituals involving a black cat. While the document detailed bizarre ceremonies, it did not explicitly condemn cats or call for their extermination. The association of cats with evil led to superstitions, but there's no concrete evidence linking this to mass cat killings or the spread of the Black Death. The idea that the Pope's actions led to the plague is more myth than fact.
Here are some reliable sources that delve into Pope Gregory IX's Vox in Rama and its association with cats:
- Wikipedia – Vox in Rama: Provides an overview of the papal bull, its contents, and its historical context. Wikipedia
- Behind the News – Black Cats and the Catholic Church: Examines the myths and facts surrounding the belief that Pope Gregory IX's decree led to mass cat killings and the spread of the Black Death. behindthenews.ua
- Snopes – Did Mass Cat Killings Help Spread the Black Death?: Investigates the claim that the extermination of cats contributed to the proliferation of the plague. behindthenews.ua
- Museum Hack – Did Pope Gregory IX Order A Medieval Purge of Black Cats?: Discusses the historical accuracy of the narrative linking the Pope's actions to the Black Death.