Whether or not to enter the lab is a common career decision for surgical residents, either for fellowship or professional development opportunities. Unlike other medical disciplines, surgery is the only discipline where lab years are performed in between clinical years, typically after PGY 2 or 3. We begin a two-part episode on the role of the surgical scientist to gain insight into the decision making process of entering the lab as a resident, the resources available to novice researchers, and how to ultimately balance a research career with clinical practice as well as family life. We kick off part 1 with Dr Daithi Heffernan, MD, one of our Trauma, Critical Care Surgeons here at Brown who also maintains a productive research lab focusing on INKT cells in sepsis.