Dan Blumenthal, resident fellow in Asian Studies, AEI, and Bates Gill, Freeman Chair in China Studies, CSIS, evaluate China’s role in seven key areas—energy security, counter-proliferation, Asian security, economic development and assistance, peacekeeping and enforcement, human rights—especially in Darfur—and promotion of a fair international trade environment. This debate, moderated by Carnegie’s Michael D. Swaine, is part of the series, Reframing China Policy: The Carnegie Debates.