In the 1960s and 70s, Britain forcibly removed an entire population from the Chagos Archipelago in the Indian Ocean to make way for the Diego Garcia US military base—then spent decades denying it had happened, claiming the islands were uninhabited before British arrival.
This decades-long legal battle has pitted Mauritius against the United Kingdom across multiple international courts, challenging Britain's sovereignty claims and seeking justice for the exiled Chagossians.
In this episode:
- How small states use international courts as weapons against powerful nations
- The Cold War deal that turned paradise into a military base
- Why Britain's 2024 announcement to hand back the islands came with a controversial catch
Guest: Professor Douglas Guilfoyle, University of New South Wales
Check out Douglas's podcast Called to the Bar: International Law Over Drinks.
Litigation as legal statecraft: Small states and the law of the sea, by Douglas Guilfoyle (Centre for International Law Blog, National University of Singapore, 7 July 2023)
The Chagos Archipelago Before International Tribunals: Strategic Litigation and the Production Of Historical Knowledge, by Douglas Guilfoyle (Melbourne Journal of International Law)
Chagos islanders make historic trip home without British escort (BBC News, 16 February 2022)
The Last Colony: A Tale of Exile, Justice and Britain's Colonial Legacy by Philippe Sands & Martin Rowson
UK Foreign Secretary's statement on the Chagos Islands (7 October 2024)
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