This excerpt from the Texas Penal Code establishes the comprehensive legal framework for theft-related offenses within the state. It provides precise definitions for essential terms like deception, appropriation, and effective consent, while unifying various historical crimes into a single consolidated theft statute. The text details specific violations involving personal property, services, trade secrets, and real estate, including specialized categories such as cargo, mail, and catalytic converters. Furthermore, it outlines a grading system for punishments that scales based on the economic value of the stolen items or the involvement of vulnerable victims and critical infrastructure. Finally, the statutes dictate legal presumptions of criminal intent, such as those involving insufficient funds for checks or the failure to return rented equipment.