In this episode, we discuss ions, which are charged particles formed when atoms or molecules either gain or lose electrons.

The loss of electrons results in positively charged ions, also known as cations, which are commonly formed by metals in Group 1 and 2.

Conversely, the gain of electrons produces negatively charged ions, or anions, frequently seen in Group 7 non-metals. These charged particles can consist of a single atom or comprise multiple atoms bonded together with an overall charge.

Thus, the presence of an unequal number of protons and electrons defines an ion.

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