In our first two episodes, we built the modern diagnostic framework for high-grade gliomas, focusing on anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas. Today, we turn our attention to the most common and most formidable of these tumors: glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype. For years, this diagnosis came with a grim prognosis. But in 2005, one trial created a paradigm shift, establishing the bedrock of modern neuro-oncology. We will do a deep dive into the Stupp protocol and explore why, despite nearly two decades of research, it remains our standard of care.