This is Episode 31: Penile and Urethral Planning Workshop. These are rare, high-stakes plans. The anatomy is mobile, the setup can be awkward, the evidence base is limited, and sloppy field design can have major consequences. This workstation episode covers simulation, bolus, immobilization, penile brachytherapy, inguinal and pelvic nodal contouring using the InPACT framework, and key principles of urethral cancer planning.

This is Episode 30: Penile Cancer Primary Management, Nodes, and Organ Preservation.Penile cancer is rare, but it is very fair game on boards because it tests whether you can keep anatomy, staging, nodal logic, and quality-of-life tradeoffs straight in a disease most residents will see only rarely.

Today we will build a practical framework for workup, staging, histology, and multimodality management. We will also cover where radiation fits, including selected use of brachytherapy for early-stage female disease and definitive chemoradiation for selected locally advanced squamous tumors.

This is Episode 28: Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma perioperative therapy, patterns of failure, and where radiation enters the conversation.UTUC is one of those diseases that residents do not see often, but oral examiners love it because it looks familiar and then punishes shortcut thinking. The histology overlaps with bladder urothelial carcinoma, but the risk stratification, the surgical planning, the perioperative systemic-therapy logic, and the radiation role are not the same.

This is the workstation episode. This is the planning episode. The big idea is simple: kidney SBRT is usually a motion-management problem and an organ-at-risk problem before it becomes a dose problem. Your bowel, your duodenum, your stomach, and the remaining uninvolved renal parenchyma often decide the regimen.

This is one of the highest-yield modern RCC topics because it sits right where three practice changes collide. First, RCC was long treated as a disease that did not respond well to conventional radiation, but modern ablative radiation changed that conversation. Second, cytoreductive nephrectomy went from reflex dogma to a selective, risk-adapted decision. Third, immune checkpoint inhibitor–based combinations became the backbone of first-line metastatic therapy, which means local therapy now has to be placed carefully and honestly into the treatment sequence.

This is Episode 24: Renal Cell Carcinoma Localized Disease, Surgery, Ablation, and Primary SBRT. Here is the modern frame. Localized RCC is still primarily a surgical disease. Conventional fractionation never established a curative or adjuvant role in this setting. But stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy has changed the conversation for selected patients who are medically inoperable, technically high risk for surgery, or who decline surgery.

This episode is about what happens after cure. Testicular cancer is one of the great success stories in oncology, but that success creates a second job: taking care of survivors for decades. These are often young men with excellent cure rates and long life expectancy. So the real question is not just whether you cured the cancer. It is whether you protected fertility, recognized relapse on the right schedule, and minimized the long-term cost of treatment.

This is the episode where testicular cancer stops being mostly about stage I and stage II decision trees and starts becoming a sequencing problem. The questions are no longer just surveillance versus adjuvant therapy. Now the important questions are: how do you classify risk correctly, which chemotherapy backbone belongs to which group, when does PET help, when does it not help at all, who needs surgery after chemotherapy, and what exactly do you do when the disease comes back.

This is Episode 20: Testicular Stage II Seminoma, NSGCT, and Field Design. Last episode, we built the foundation: markers, orchiectomy, staging, and why surveillance is preferred for most stage I seminoma. Today we move into stage II disease, where the question is no longer just whether you know the basics. The question is whether you can choose treatment, explain why, and, if needed, describe a radiation field clearly and defensibly.