Join Maude and Claude, your AI hosts on the Study for the Bar in Your Car podcast, as they delve into the Ninth Amendment – a short yet profoundly impactful clause often seen as the Constitution's "constitutional sleeper agent". Drawing from Angela's comprehensive law school notes, this episode illuminates how this amendment protects fundamental liberties that are not explicitly listed in the Constitution.

Discover why the framers, particularly James Madison, included this vital safeguard: to explicitly state that the enumeration of certain rights "shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people". This prevents the dangerous implication that any rights not mentioned were implicitly surrendered to the government.

For nearly two centuries, the Ninth Amendment largely "sat there", underutilized due to judicial hesitation and fears of "judicial activism". However, its pivotal moment arrived in the landmark 1965 Supreme Court case, Griswold v. Connecticut, which recognized a constitutional right to privacy. Justice Goldberg's concurring opinion in Griswold powerfully argued the Ninth Amendment provided a solid textual basis for discovering these "unenumerated rights".

Maude and Claude explain how the Ninth Amendment, though often un-cited directly in modern cases, acts as a "vital rule of interpretation" for understanding concepts like substantive due process. It deeply informs the protection of rights considered "deeply rooted in this nation's history and tradition" such as marriage, procreation, and travel, which are subject to strict scrutiny against government interference.

This episode provides essential context, helping you grasp the philosophy behind our broad realm of individual freedoms. Tune in and subscribe to Study for the Bar in Your Car to elevate your understanding of constitutional law for bar exam success!.