Cool Worlds

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One of the leading interpretations of quantum theory is that every probabilistic event leads to a branching of reality, where all possibilities occur. This "many worlds" interpretation has been growing in prominence, but it implies a bizarre consequence. It might mean that you can never die, and will continue to survive not only life threatening events but even old age. Join us today as we explore the extraordinary idea of quantum immortality.

Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping. Edited by Jorge Casas.

→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store
→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcast

THANK-YOU to T. Widdowson, D. Smith, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, S. Brownlee, E. West, T. Zajonc, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, M. Sanford, T. Donkin, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, S. Marks, B. Smith, J. Kruger, S. Applegate, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, W. Evans, N. Corwin, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, R. Provost, G. Fullwood, N. De Haan, R. Williams, E. Garland, R. Lovely, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, S. Thayer, T. Edris, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, B. Reese, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, A. Nimmerjahn, C. Seay, D. Johnson, L. Cunningham, M. Morrow, M. Campbell, B. Devermont, Y. Muheim, A. Stark, C. Caminero, P. Borisoff, A. Donovan, H. Schiff, J. Cos, J. Oliver, B. Kite, C. Hansen, J. Shamp, R. Chaffee, A. Ortiz, B. McMillan, B. Cartmell, J. Bryant, J. Obioma, M. Zeiler, S. Murray, S. Patterson, C. Kennedy, G. Le Saint, W. Ruf, A. Kochkov, B. Langley, D. Ohman, P. Stevenson, T. Ford, T. Tarrants, A. Laroye, I. Venzor, R. Raszka, B. Gaalen, A. Taylor, D. Wedgewood, J. Alley, D. Aron & G. Thomsen.

REFERENCES
Tegmark, Max (1998), "The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics: Many Worlds or Many Words?", Fortsch. Phys. 46, 855-862: http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/quant-ph/9709032

MUSIC
Licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) or with permission from the artist.
0:00 Hill - A Flickering Start
2:48 Joachim Heinrich - Stjärna
5:48 Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Five
9:24 Chris Zabriskie - World of Wonder
10:51 Stephen Keech - Selha
13:25 Hill - A Sad Scene from a Sad Film
16:54 Hill - The Persecuted
19:39 Falls - Life in Binary
22:10 Hill - Mourning Wakes
25:35 Hill - The Now is Only a Thin Slice of Who I Am
28:46 Kyle Preston - An Ocean of Quiet Confession
31:29 Kyle Preston - Up The Oregon Coast
33:43 Joachim Heinrich - Y

CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction
5:48 The Wavefunction Never Collapses
9:26 Incogni
10:55 Quantum Russian Roulette
14:41 Generalized Immortality
16:57 Anthropic Reasoning
19:28 Corrected Intensity Rule
22:10 Non-Quantum Analogies
28:45 What is Self?
31:26 Final Thoughts
35:43 Outro & Credits

#CoolWorlds #QuantumImmortality #ManyWorlds

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When will our civilization end? Whether it be by our own means or an external threat, there are many plausible scenarios which could extinguish humanity. Remarkably, using the Principle of Mediocrity (that we are just typical observers and not special) it is possible to answer this question statistically with a line of thought called the Doomsday Argument. We get into how this works and what it says about our prospects for survival...

::More about this Video::

► Richard Gott (1993), "Implications of the Copernican principle for our future prospects": http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v363/n6427/abs/363315a0.html
► Fergus Simpson (2016), "Apocalypse Now? Reviving the Doomsday Argument": https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.03072
► Carter & McCrea (1983): "The Anthropic Principle and its Implications for Biological Evolution [and Discussion]", http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/310/1512/347
► Outro music by Taylor Davis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dl9kI1yQKZk

::Playlists For Channel::

Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorlds
Cool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearch
Guest Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsGuests
Q&A Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsQA
Science of TV/Film ► http://bit.ly/ScienceMovies

::Follow us::

SUBSCRIBE to the channel http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribe
Cool Worlds Lab http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.edu
Twitter https://twitter.com/david_kipping
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THANKS FOR WATCHING!!

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The Standard Model of Cosmology has reigned supreme for decades, confirmed over and over again. But chinks in the armour have been developing, such as the Hubble Tension. Now, however, a new result threatens to completely upend our view of the Universe - we no longer even know how it will end.

Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping.

→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store
→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcast

THANK-YOU to T. Widdowson, D. Smith, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, S. Brownlee, E. West, T. Zajonc, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, M. Sanford, T. Donkin, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, S. Marks, B. Smith, J. Kruger, S. Applegate, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, W. Evans, N. Corwin, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, R. Provost, G. Fullwood, N. De Haan, R. Williams, E. Garland, R. Lovely, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, S. Thayer, T. Edris, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, B. Reese, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, A. Nimmerjahn, C. Seay, D. Johnson, L. Cunningham, M. Morrow, M. Campbell, B. Devermont, Y. Muheim, A. Stark, C. Caminero, P. Borisoff, A. Donovan, H. Schiff, J. Cos, J. Oliver, B. Kite, C. Hansen, J. Shamp, R. Chaffee, A. Ortiz, B. McMillan, B. Cartmell, J. Bryant, J. Obioma, M. Zeiler, S. Murray, S. Patterson, C. Kennedy, G. Le Saint, W. Ruf, A. Kochkov, B. Langley, D. Ohman, P. Stevenson, T. Ford, T. Tarrants, A. Laroye, I. Venzor, R. Raszka, B. Gaalen, A. Taylor, D. Wedgewood, J. Alley, D. Aron & G. Thomsen.

REFERENCES
The DESI papers are available here: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/public-libraries/XCj7bW-vSMaNZVV0C0QyGA

#CoolWorlds #DarkEnergy #DESI

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UFOs, UAPs are dominating the media, but what do astronomers really think is going on? Check out our sponsor by using the code coolworlds to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan: https://incogni.com/coolworlds

Over the last few years, there has been growing public attention and interest in UFOs/UAPs fuelled by whistleblowers, leaked videos and of course the media. But astronomers have been looking for life in the Universe for decades already, using systematic searches and established scientific methodologies. No-one spends more time looking up and thinking about aliens than astronomers, so what do we think about this? How does science more broadly ingest UFO claims? Today, in the spirit of transparency, we explore this complex and evolving topic...

Written and presented by Prof David Kipping. Edited by Jorge Casas.

→ Support our research program: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get Stash here! https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store
→ Check out our podcast over at www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcast

THANK-YOU to our supporters D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, S. Roulier, B. Smith, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, G. Genova, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, B. Walford, J. Boyd, N. De Haan, J. Gillmer, R. Williams, E. Garland, A. Leishman, A. Phan Le, R. Lovely, M. Spoto, A. Steele, M. Varenka, K. Yarbrough, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, B. Pearson, S. Thayer, T. Edris, A. Harrison, B. Seeley, F. Blood, M. O'Brien & P. Muzyka

::References::
► Yingling et al. (2023), "Faculty perceptions of unidentified aerial phenomena", Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10, 246, : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-023-01746-3
► Kopparapu & Haqq-Misra (2020), Scientific American, ‘Unidentified Aerial Phenomena,’ Better Known as UFOs, Deserve Scientific Investigation: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/unidentified-aerial-phenomena-better-known-as-ufos-deserve-scientific-investigation/

::Music::
Music licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), or with permission from the artist.
► 0:00 - A Slowly Lifting Fog - Brad Hill
► 3:41 - Falls - Life in Binary
► 6:46 - Northern Boards - Brad Hill
► 10:34 - To Quiet the Drumming Inside My Head - Brad Hill
► 14:48 - Chasing Out the Chaos - Brad Hill
► 19:44 - Cylinder Seven - Chris Zabriskie
► 25:55 - Joachim Heinrich - Y

::Chapters::
00:00 Introduction
02:27 A Science 101
05:07 Sponsored Message
06:47 Ingesting UAPs into Science
19:30 Academics on UAPs
21:53 SETI Scientists on UAPs
24:39 Concluding Thoughts
26:59 Outro & Some Interviews

#UFO #UAP #SETI

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The Juno spacecraft just arrived at Jupiter! Prof Kipping explains what Juno is all about, how NASA got the spacecraft safely into orbit and how this connects to exoplanetary science.

::More about this Video::

► NASA Juno homepage: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/juno/main/index.html
► Outro music by Taylor Davis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dl9kI1yQKZk

::Playlists For Channel::

Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorlds
Cool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearch
Guest Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsGuests
Q&A Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsQA
Science of TV/Film ► http://bit.ly/ScienceMovies

::Follow us::

SUBSCRIBE to the channel http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribe
Cool Worlds Lab http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.edu
Twitter https://twitter.com/david_kipping
Instagram https://www.instagram.com/cool.worlds

THANKS FOR WATCHING!!

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ACTION CENTER: https://aas.org/advocacy/get-involved/action-alerts

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So the whole world seems to have become very excited about the claim of a biosignature discovered in the atmosphere of the exoplanet K2-18b. And no sooner did those headlines hit the airwaves, astronomers came out in droves expressing skepticism and concerns. It feels a bit confusing to have two sides so certain of their position, and often the truth is more nuanced than either side will concede. So today, we're going to take a deep dive into K2-18b. You'll get the chance to hear both arguments and make up your own mind.

Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping. Special thanks to Nikku Madhusudhan and Ryan Macdonald for joining this episode.

→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store
→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcast

THANK-YOU to T. Widdowson, D. Smith, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, S. Brownlee, E. West, T. Zajonc, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, M. Sanford, T. Donkin, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, S. Marks, B. Smith, J. Kruger, S. Applegate, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, W. Evans, N. Corwin, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, R. Provost, G. Fullwood, N. De Haan, R. Williams, E. Garland, R. Lovely, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, S. Thayer, T. Edris, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, B. Reese, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, A. Nimmerjahn, C. Seay, D. Johnson, L. Cunningham, M. Morrow, M. Campbell, B. Devermont, Y. Muheim, A. Stark, C. Caminero, P. Borisoff, A. Donovan, H. Schiff, J. Cos, J. Oliver, B. Kite, C. Hansen, J. Shamp, R. Chaffee, A. Ortiz, B. McMillan, B. Cartmell, J. Bryant, J. Obioma, M. Zeiler, S. Murray, S. Patterson, C. Kennedy, G. Le Saint, W. Ruf, A. Kochkov, B. Langley, D. Ohman, P. Stevenson, T. Ford, T. Tarrants, A. Laroye, I. Venzor, R. Raszka, B. Gaalen, A. Taylor, D. Wedgewood, J. Alley, D. Aron, G. Thomsen, S. Shardool, B. Kingston, A. Phan Le, N. Voyton, N. Offor, A. Huch, J. Morrison & C. Fitzsimmons.

REFERENCES
► Madhusudhan et al. 2025, "New Constraints on DMS and DMDS in the Atmosphere of K2-18 b from JWST MIRI", ApJL, accepted: https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.12267
► Madhusudhan et al. 2023, "Carbon-bearing Molecules in a Possible Hycean Atmosphere", ApJ, 956, 13: https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.05566
► Schmidt et al. 2023, "A Comprehensive Reanalysis of K2-18 b's JWST NIRISS+NIRSpec Transmission Spectrum", AAS Journals, submitted: https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.18477
► Madhusudhan et al. 2021, "Habitability and Biosignatures of Hycean Worlds", ApJ, 918, 1: https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.10888
► Wogan et al. 2024, "JWST observations of K2-18b can be explained by a gas-rich mini-Neptune with no habitable surface", ApJ, 963, 7: https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.11082
► Cooke & Madhusudhan 2024 , "Considerations for Photochemical Modeling of Possible Hycean Worlds", ApJ, 977, 209: https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.07313

#CoolWorlds #K218b #Biosignature

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Check out https://NordVPN.com/coolworlds for 4 months for free when you sign up today, thanks to Nord for sponsoring us!

Could there be a bizarre exotic type of star out there made of quarks? What would these things be like and how could they form? Join us as we explore quark stars, and the terrifying implications they have for forging strange matter within their cores...

Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping. Edited by Jorge Casas. Special thanks to Dr Sam Gregson (www.youtube.com/@BadBoyofScience) for fact checking our script.

→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store
→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcast

THANK-YOU to D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, S. Roulier, B. Smith, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, G. Genova, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, B. Walford, J. Boyd, N. De Haan, J. Gillmer, R. Williams, E. Garland, A. Leishman, A. Phan Le, R. Lovely, M. Spoto, A. Steele, M. Varenka, K. Yarbrough, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, B. Pearson, S. Thayer, T. Edris, A. Harrison, B. Seeley, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, P. Muzyka, E. Loomans, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, J. Smallbon, B. Reese, J. Yoder, O. Shabtay & X. Yao.

REFERENCES
► Drake et al 2002, Is RX J185635-375 a Quark Star?, ApJ 572, 996: https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0204159
► Truemper et al 2003, The Puzzles of RX J1856.5-3754: Neutron Star or Quark Star?, Nuc Phys B Proc S 132, 560: https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0312600
► Kareet et al 2006, Evidence for 1122 Hz X-Ray Burst Oscillations from the Neutron-Star X-Ray Transient XTE J1739-285, ApJ 657, L97: https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0611716
► Chakrabarty 2008, The Spin Distribution of Millisecond X-ray Pulsars, In "A Decade if Accreting Millisecond X-Ray Pulsars", AIP Conf Proc 1068, 67: https://arxiv.org/abs/0809.4031
► Annala et al 2020, Evidence for quark-matter cores in massive neutron stars, Nat Phys 16, 907: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.09121
► Cherman et al 2009, Bound on the speed of sound from holography, Phys Rev D 80, 066003: https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.80.066003
► Ouyed et al 2002, Quark Nova, A&A 390, 39: https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0105109
► Gell-Mann 1964, A schematic model of baryons and mesons, Phys Lett 8, 214: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031916364920013
► Zweig 1964, An SU3 model for strong interaction symmetry and its breaking, Developments in the Quark Theory of Hadrons, 22: https://cds.cern.ch/record/570209
► Rochester & Butler 1947, Evidence for the Existence of New Unstable Elementary Particles, Nat 160, 855: https://www.nature.com/articles/160855a0
► Bodmer 1971, Collapsed Nuclei, Phys Rev D 4, 1601: https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.4.1601
► Witten 1984, Cosmic separation of phases, Phys Rev D 30, 272: https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.30.272
► Farhi & Jaffe 1984, Strange matter, Phys Rev D 30, 2379: https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.30.2379
► Caldwell & Friedman 1991, Evidence against a strange ground state for baryons, Phys Lett B 264, 143: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.

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Prof Jason Wright from Penn State explains why Tabby's Star has become known as the most mysterious star in the galaxy and how you can help him and Tabby Boyajian solve this mystery. To contribute to their Kickstarter campaign, go to https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/608159144/the-most-mysterious-star-in-the-galaxy right now!

::More about this Video::

► Kickstarter page: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/608159144/the-most-mysterious-star-in-the-galaxy
► Boyajian et al. (2016), "Planet Hunters X. KIC 8462852 - Where's the Flux?": http://arxiv.org/abs/1509.03622
► Wright et al. (2016), "The Ĝ Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations with Large Energy Supplies. IV. The Signatures and Information Content of Transiting Megastructures": http://arxiv.org/abs/1510.04606
► Prof Wright's blog, AstroWright: http://sites.psu.edu/astrowright/
► Dr Tabetha Boyajian's TED talk: https://www.ted.com/talks/tabetha_boyajian_the_most_mysterious_star_in_the_universe
► Outro music by Taylor Davis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dl9kI1yQKZk

::Playlists For Channel::

Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorlds
Cool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearch
Guest Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsGuests
Q&A Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsQA
Science of TV/Film ► http://bit.ly/ScienceMovies

::Follow us::

SUBSCRIBE to the channel http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribe
Cool Worlds Lab http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.edu
Twitter https://twitter.com/david_kipping
Instagram https://www.instagram.com/cool.worlds

THANKS FOR WATCHING!!

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The Sun is dying. A slow death, to be sure, but slowly it creeps towards its end, gradually increasing in luminosity - an effect that will push Earth out of the habitable zone in about a billion years. Can we somehow stop this from happening? Can we save the Earth? Can we save *the Sun*? Join us today as discuss a new research paper from the Cool Worlds Lab at Columbia University, that may help our distant descendants buy themselves billions of years of new life.

Written and presented by Prof David Kipping and Matt Scoggins (Columbia). Special thanks to melodysheep for giving us permission to use their awesome starlifting animations from "Life Beyond 3" (https://youtu.be/saWNMPL5ygk)

→ Support our research program: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get Stash here! https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store

THANK-YOU to our supporters D. Smith, M. Sloan, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, H. Jensen, J. Rockett, N. Fredrickson, D. Holland, E. Hanway, D. Murphree, S. Hannum, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, F. Van Exter, S. Roulier, B. Smith, P. Masterson, R. Sievers, G. Canterbury, J. Kill, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, T. Wheeler, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, J. Alexander, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, S. Krasner, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., I. Attard, M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, G. Genova, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, T. Mitchum, B. Walford, J. Boyd, J. Quayle, N. De Haan, R. Crayton, W. Borghei, N. Arc, M. Kay, J. Gillmer & R. Williams.

::References::
► [THIS RESEARCH!] Scoggins, M. & Kipping, D. (2020), Lazarus Stars: Numerical investigations of stellar evolution with star-lifting", submitted to MNRAS: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.02338
► Criswell D. R. (1985), Interstellar Migration and the Human Experience, pp 50–87
► Matloff G. L. (2017), Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, 70, 458

::More videos::
► "Starlifting" by Isaac Arthur: https://youtu.be/pzuHxL5FD5U
► "Watching the End of the World" by Cool Worlds: https://youtu.be/p9e8qNNe3L0

::Music::
Music licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), or with permission from the artist
► Sid Acharya - Sky Sailing (0:00)
► Joachim Heinrich - Stjärna (1:48)
► Joachim Heinrich - Y (3:29)
► Sid Acharya - Searching for Answers (5:06)
► Kevin MacLeod - Long Note Two (8:13)
► Atlas - Waking Up (10:10)
► Falls - Life in Binary (13:15)
► Sid Acharya - Sky Sailing (16:11)
► Joachim Heinrich - Y (19:15)
► Indive - Trace Correction (21:21)

::Film/TV clips used::
► Interstellar (Paramount Pictures)
► Agora (Focus Features International)
► Dragonheart (Universal Pictures)
► Immortals (Relativity Media)
► Johnny Cash - Hurt (American Recording Studios)
► Noah (Paramount Pictures)
► The Planets (BBC)
► Sunshine (Fox Searchlight Pictures)
► Ad Astra (20th Century Fox)
► The Imitation Game (The Weinstein Company)
► Elysium (Sony Pictures Releasing)
► Avengers: Infinity War (Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures)
► Lucy (Universal Pictures)
► Avengers: Endgame (Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures)
► Event Horizon (Paramount Pictures)
► Rubikon (Graf Film)
► The Expanse (Amazon)
► Don't Look Up (Netflix)
► Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me (New Line Cinema)
► The Day After Tomorrow (20th Century Fox)
► Dragon's Den (BBC)
► How The Universe Works (Science Channel)
► Man of Steel (Warner Bros. Pictures)

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