CRACKCast & Physicians as Humans on CanadiEM

This episode covers Chapter 20 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine.

Episode overview:

1. List 7 life threatening causes of headaches
2. List 5 red flags on history for headaches
3. When should you perform a CT before performing a LP?
4. Describe 8 clinical findings indicative of elevated ICP

Wisecracks:

1. Describe 5 CT findings suggestive of elevated ICP
2. List 7 non-life threatening causes of headache

This episode covers Chapter 19 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine.

Episode overview:

1. Compare characteristics of peripheral and central vertigo
2. What are risk factors for central causes of vertigo?
3. List 4 vestibulotoxic drugs.
4. Describe the Hallpike Maneuver and the Epley Maneuver
5. List 5 causes of Peripheral Vertigo and describe features of illness
6. List 5 causes of Central Vertigo and describe the features of illness

Wisecracks:

1. HINTS exam
2. Pathophysiology stumper:
   • Why does dizziness or vertigo lead to nausea, sweating, malaise?
3. What is the barbecue roll?

This episode covers Chapter 18 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine.

Episode Overview:

1. Define status epilepticus
2. List the doses of common medications used for status epilepticus
3. List 10 differential diagnoses for seizures
4. List 10 indications for head CT in new-onset seizure

Wisecracks:

1. How long does a driver in British Columbia require their driver's license be suspended after a seizure?
2. What are the most common causes of status epilepticus?
3. What are the "cannot miss" causes of seizure?

This episode covers Chapter 17 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine.

Episode Overview:

1. List the Major Categories for the differential diagnosis of Confusion
2. Differentiate between organic and functional confusion.
3. List the Critical and Emergent causes of Confusion

Wise Cracks:

1. Describe a quick assessment tool for screening for confusion

This episode covers Chapter 16 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine.

Episode Overview:

1. List a broad differential diagnosis for coma
2. List GCS / Pediatric GCS
3. Describe the oculocephalic and oculovestibular reflex

Wise Cracks:

1. List the common age-related causes of altered mental status
2. What is the initial investigation management of an altered LOC patient?

This episode covers Chapter 15 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine.

Episode Overview:

1. What are 12 critical causes of syncope?
2. List common medications that can cause syncope
3. Describe the San Francisco Syncope Rule
4. What are red flags that require admission in syncope?

This episode coveers Chapter 14 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine.

Episode Overview:

1. What is the differential diagnosis for cyanosis?
2. List the common causes for methemoglobinemia
   • 10 medications
   • 6 toxins
3. Describe the mechanism for methemoglobin formation, treatment, and indications for methylene blue

Wisecracks

1. Explain the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
2. What is the hyperoxia test?

This episode covers Chapter 13 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine.

Episode Overview:

1. Compare upper motor neuron (UMN), lower motor neuron (LMN), and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) causes of weakness
2. List 10 neuromuscular causes of weakness and describe their basic pathophysiologic mechanism
3. What are warning signs of impending respiratory failure in a patient with neuromuscular weakness?

Wisecracks

1. List seven non-emergent causes of peripheral neuropathy
2. What are some causes of non-neuromuscular weakness?
3. Clinical pearls for the weak patient

This episode covers Chapter 12 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine.

Episode Overview:

1. Describe the physiologic mechanism of increasing the body's temperature
2. What is the change in HR and RR with every increase of 1°C core body temperature?
3. What is the emergency medicine specific approach to defining the infectious differential?
4. List 15 causes of non-infectious hyperthermia

Wisecracks

1. Description of fever vs. hyperthermia
   • Approach to a patient with an elevated temperature
2. Points on fever in the elderly, chronically ill, or immunosuppressed
3. What is the most accurate way of measuring core body temperature?

This episode covers Chapter 11 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine.

Episode Overview:

1. List the equipment needed for neonatal resuscitation
2. List 5 questions to ask the mother during an imminent delivery
3. Describe the components of the initial assessment of the newborn (APGAR)
4. What is the management of meconium?
5. When should oxygen be used in the neonatal resuscitation period?
6. What is the indication for CPR in a neonate?
7. Describe how to perform CPR on a neonate
8. What are the indications for intubation of a neonate?
9. List 4 reasons not to resuscitate a newborn

Wisecracks

1. What are some special considerations for resuscitating a preterm infant?
2. Describe the Neonatal Resuscitation algorithm
3. A quick review of specific neonatal disorders:
   • Diaphragmatic hernia
   • Meningomyelocele
   • Omphalocele
   • Choanal atresia
   • Pierre-Robin sequence
4. Neonatal Resuscitation Case (shownotes only)