Originally aired on April 11, 2022: Although computing technologies are now ubiquitous in much of the West and other parts of the world, there are still significant inequalities when it comes to who has access to computer science education. Powerful cultural stereotypes about who is or can become a coder persist, leading to the underrepresentation of girls and children of colour from a crucial form of digital literacy. 

In this episode, Dr. Sara Grimes chats with Dr. Deborah Fields, Associate Research Professor in the Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Department at Utah State University, about her research on the relationship between identity, motivation and learning how to code among tweens and teens, and how to break down stereotypes about who can code and how. 

The discussion is focused on Dr. Fields’s 2021 article in the British Journal of Educational Technology: “Debugging by design: A constructionist approach to high school students' crafting and coding of electronic textiles as failure artefacts,” co-authored with Dr. Yasmin B. Kafai, Luis Morales-Novarro, and Justice T. Walker.

Type of research discussed in this episode: education research; pedagogy design and innovation; workshops; computer science education; participatory research; action research.

Keywords for this episode: constructionism; software bug; computer coding; e(lectronic)-textiles; equity in education; STEM (science technology engineering math); mischievousness; socially meaningful failure artifacts; productive failure; creativity; aesthetics first.

Originally aired on February 14, 2022: As smart toys, virtual assistants, and machine learning apps spread across our homes and schools, an increasing number of children are now living, learning, and growing up around artificial intelligence or “AI”. Yet, we still know very little about children’s relationship with AI, how they feel about the seemingly knowledgeable voices coming out of their electronic devices, or how AI responds to children’s feelings. In this episode, Dr. Sara Grimes chats with Dr. Andrew McStay, Professor of Digital Life at Bangor University (Wales, UK) and Director of the Emotional AI Lab about the ethics and impacts of AI technologies designed to read and respond to our emotions, and their growing presence in children’s lives.  

The discussion is focused on two of Dr. McStay’s articles published in the journal Big Data & Society: “Emotional artificial intelligence in children’s toys and devices: Ethics, governance and practical remedies,” co-authored with Dr. Gilad Rosner (2021), and “Emotional AI, soft biometrics and the surveillance of emotional life: An unusual consensus on privacy” (2020).

Please Note: The news story described in the intro happened in late 2021, not 2020. With apologies for the error and any resulting confusion!

Type of research discussed in today’s episode: mixed-method research; social science; media/communication studies; philosophy of technology; ethics; law/policy research.

Keywords for today’s episode: artificial intelligence (AI); emotion; empathy; feeling into; soft biometrics; emotoys; generational unfairness; technological ambivalence; governance; data protection and privacy; children’s rights.

Games, memes, and parodies are increasingly used by extremist groups to spread misinformation and to lower the barriers to entry into extreme ideologies. But is there a deeper strategy at work? And if so, what's the end game? In Part 2 of this special two part interview, Dr. Sara Grimes chats with three researchers from the Reactionary Digital Politics Research Group, a multi-disciplinary collaboration based in the UK that has spent the past five years tracking the rise and spread of extremist and alt-right political ideologies, rhetorics, and aesthetics online.  Dr. Alan Finlayson is a Professor of Political and Social Theory at the University of East Anglia, in Norwich England, and the author of Making Sense of New Labour  (Lawrence and Wishart, 2003). Dr. Robert Topinka is a Senior Lecturer in Transnational Media and Cultural Studies at Birkbeck, University of London, and the author of Racing the Street: Race, Rhetoric and Technology in Metropolitan London, 1840-1900 (University of California Press, 2020). And Dr. Rob Gallagher is a Lecturer in Film and Media in the Department of English at Manchester Metropolitan University and author of Videogames, Identity and Digital Subjectivity (Routledge, 2017).

In this episode, the Reactionary Digital Politics team discusses findings and arguments advanced in Dr. Topinka's recent article, entitled "Back to a Past that was Futuristic: The Alt-Right and the Uncanny Form of Racism," published in b2o: an online journal in 2019. 

Type of research discussed in today’s episode: rhetorical analysis, discourse analysis, media studies, content analysis, critical analysis.

Keywords for today’s episode: reactionary politics, extremism, alt-right, cultural (re)appropriation, reactionary racism, insider/outsider identity, identity politics.

For more information and a full transcript of each episode, check out our website: http://kmdi.utoronto.ca/the-critical-technology-podcast/ 

Send questions or comments to: [email protected]

Digital technologies are increasingly used as ideological weapons of misinformation, manipulation, propaganda, and radicalization. But how exactly are social media platforms and memes used by ideological extremists? And what are they trying to achieve? In this episode, Dr. Sara Grimes (Director of the KMDI) chats with three researchers from the Reactionary Digital Politics Research Group, a multi-disciplinary collaboration based in the UK that has spent the past five years tracking the rise and spread of extremist and "alt-right" political ideologies, rhetorics, and aesthetics online.  Dr. Alan Finlayson is a Professor of Political and Social Theory at the University of East Anglia, in Norwich England, and the author of Making Sense of New Labour  (Lawrence and Wishart, 2003). Dr. Robert Topinka is a Senior Lecturer in Transnational Media and Cultural Studies at Birkbeck, University of London, and the author of Racing the Street: Race, Rhetoric and Technology in Metropolitan London, 1840-1900 (University of California Press, 2020). And Dr. Rob Gallagher is a Lecturer in Film and Media in the Department of English at Manchester Metropolitan University and author of Videogames, Identity and Digital Subjectivity (Routledge, 2017). In the first of a special two part series, the Reactionary Digital Politics team discusses some of their findings, as well as key arguments advanced in Dr. Finlayson's recent article, entitled “Neoliberalism, the Alt Right and the Intellectual Dark Web," published in Theory, Culture & Society in 2021.  

Type of research discussed in today’s episode: rhetorical analysis, discourse analysis, media studies, content analysis, critical analysis.

Keywords for today’s episode: reactionary politics, extremism, alt-right, cultural influencers, ideological entrepreneurs, the dark web, inequality, intertextuality. 

For more information and a full transcript of each episode, check out our website: http://kmdi.utoronto.ca/the-critical-technology-podcast/ 

Send questions or comments to: [email protected]

While Dall-E, Stable Diffusion, and other popular AI-image systems have rekindled the debate about the future of creative work in the digital age, many cultural industries are already heavily reliant on machine learning and automation to produce content traditionally created by artists and designers. A key example is the digital games industry, where game engines, procedural content generation, and AI systems play an increasingly prominent role. In this episode, Dr. Sara Grimes (Director of the KMDI) chats with Dr. Aleena Chia, Lecturer in the Media, Communications and Cultural Studies Department at Goldsmiths, University of London, about her research on the ongoing transformation of creative work in the digital games industry. The discussion is focused on two of Dr. Chia’s recent articles: “The Artist and the Automaton in Digital Game Production,” published in Convergence (2022); and "The Metaverse, but not the way you think: Game engines and automation beyond game development," published in Critical Studies in Media Communication (2022). 

Type of research discussed in today’s episode: political economy of communication research; digital game studies; ethnography; labour studies.

Keywords for today’s episode: procedural generated content (PCG); game engines; creative work; affective labour; automation; outsourced labour; racial capitalism; human-in-the-loop.

For more information and a full transcript of each episode, check out our website: http://kmdi.utoronto.ca/the-critical-technology-podcast/

Send questions or comments to: [email protected]

Many of us are thinking more deeply about our relationships with the land these days. Through land acknowledgements inspired by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s 94 Calls to Action.  In response to the growing urgency, and immediacy, of climate change and its impacts. But what about our digital technologies and online cultures? How does the concept of Indigenous land-based relations help us to better understand the information society, its politics, and its processes?  In this episode, Dr. Sara Grimes (Director of the KMDI) chats with Dr. Jeffrey Ansloos, author of The Medicine of Peace: Indigenous Youth Decolonizing Healing and Resisting Violence,Associate Professor at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, a Registered Psychologist in the Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, and the Canada Research Chair in Critical Studies in Indigenous Health and Social Action on Suicide, at the University of Toronto. Professor Ansloos is Nehiyaw (Cree) and English and a member of Fisher River Cree Nation (Ochekwi-Sipi; Treaty 5), who was born and raised in Treaty 1 territory in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and now resides in Tkaronto. The discussion is focused on Dr. Ansloos’s research into land-based relations within social media platforms and other digital technologies, Indigenous STS and decolonizing methodologies, and working with Indigenous youth to tackle mental health issues, social violence, and systematic oppression. It is centred on three of his recent articles: “Surviving in the cracks: a qualitative study with Indigenous youth on homelessness and applied community theatre” co-authored with Amanda Wager, published in the International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education in 2020;  “Our spirit is like a fire: Conceptualizing intersections of mental health, wellness, and spirituality with Indigenous youth leaders across Canada,” co-authored with Elissa Dent, and published in the Journal of Indigenous Social Development in 2021; and “Indigenous sovereignty in digital territory: a qualitative study on land-based relations with #NativeTwitter,” co-authored with Ashley Caranto Morford, and published in AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples in 2021.

Type of research discussed in today’s episode: decolonizing methodologies, Indigenous Science and Technology Studies (STS), arts-based research, participatory research, thematic analysis.

Keywords for today’s episode: land-based relations, #NativeTwitter, mental health, Indigenous youth, Settler colonialism in cyberspace, decolonization, Indigenous sovereignty, cyber-justice.

For more information and a full transcript of each episode, check out our website: http://kmdi.utoronto.ca/the-critical-technology-podcast/

Although computing technologies are now ubiquitous in much of the West and other parts of the world, there are still significant inequalities when it comes to who has access to computer science education. Powerful cultural stereotypes about who is or can become a coder persist, leading to the underrepresentation of girls and children of colour from a crucial form of digital literacy. In this episode, Dr. Sara Grimes (Director of the KMDI) chats with Dr. Deborah Fields, Associate Research Professor in the Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Department at Utah State University, about her research on the relationship between identity, motivation and learning how to code among tweens and teens, and how to break down stereotypes about who can code and how. The discussion is focused on Dr. Fields’s recent article in the British Journal of Educational Technology: “Debugging by design: A constructionist approach to high school students' crafting and coding of electronic textiles as failure artefacts,” co-authored with Dr. Yasmin B. Kafai, Luis Morales-Novarro, and Justice T. Walker (2021).

Type of research discussed in today’s episode: education research; pedagogy design and innovation; workshops; computer science education; participatory research; action research.

Keywords for today’s episode: constructionism; software bug; computer coding; e(lectronic)-textiles; equity in education; STEM (science technology engineering math); mischievousness; socially meaningful failure artifacts; productive failure; creativity; aesthetics first.

For more information and a full transcript of each episode, check out our website: http://kmdi.utoronto.ca/the-critical-technology-podcast/

Send questions or comments to: [email protected]

How, where, and what kids and teens learn about safe sex, substance use, and other health-related topics is incredibly important. Especially for young people who are already dealing with higher risk factors, such as neighbourhood poverty and violence--a  disproportionate number of whom are young people of colour, specifically Black, Latinx or Indigenous youth.  In this episode, Dr. Sara M. Grimes (Director of the KMDI) chats with Dr. Robin Stevens, Associate Professor at University of Southern California (USC) Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, and the Director and founder of the Health Equity and Media Collab, about her research on Black, Latinx and LGBTQ+ youth's use of social media, and the implications for their health and well-being. The discussion is focused on two of Dr. Stevens's articles: “The digital hood: Social media use among youth in disadvantaged neighborhoods,”  published in 2017 in New Media and Society; and “#digitalhood: Engagement with risk content in Social Media among Black and Hispanic Youth,” published in the Journal of Urban Health in 2019.

Type of research discussed in today's episode: health communication; digital epidemiology; community-engaged research; interdisciplinary research; youth studies; qualitative research.

Keywords for today's episode: digital neighbourhood/hood; risk-related content; Black youth culture; Latinx youth culture; technological determinism; content creation; invisible visibility. 

For more information and a full transcript of each episode, check out our website: http://kmdi.utoronto.ca/the-critical-technology-podcast/ 

Send questions or comments to: [email protected] 

As smart toys, virtual assistants, and machine learning apps spread across our homes and schools, an increasing number of children are now living, learning, and growing up around artificial intelligence or “AI”. Yet, we still know very little about children’s relationship with AI, how they feel about the seemingly knowledgeable voices coming out of their electronic devices, or how AI responds to children’s feelings. In this episode, Dr. Sara Grimes (Director of the KMDI) chats with Dr. Andrew McStay, Professor of Digital Life at Bangor University (Wales, UK) and Director of the Emotional AI Lab about the ethics and impacts of AI technologies designed to read and respond to our emotions, and their growing presence in children’s lives.  The discussion is focused on two of Dr. McStay’s recent articles in the journal Big Data & Society: “Emotional artificial intelligence in children’s toys and devices: Ethics, governance and practical remedies,” co-authored with Dr. Gilad Rosner (2021), and “Emotional AI, soft biometrics and the surveillance of emotional life: An unusual consensus on privacy” (2020).
[Please Note: The news story described at the very start of the intro happened in late 2021, not 2020. With apologies for the error and any resulting confusion!]

Type of research discussed in today’s episode: mixed-method research; social science; media/communication studies; philosophy of technology; ethics; law/policy research.

Keywords for today’s episode: artificial intelligence (AI); emotion; empathy; feeling into; soft biometrics; emotoys; generational unfairness; technological ambivalence; governance; data protection and privacy; children’s rights. 

For more information and a full transcript of each episode, check out our website: http://kmdi.utoronto.ca/the-critical-technology-podcast/

Send questions or comments to: [email protected]

Ongoing debates about how digital technologies impact children’s health and well-being often frame sports as the opposite  or even antidote to sedentary screen time. For centuries, children’s sports have served as a symbol of a “good” childhood -- one that privileges some children while historically excluding many others, especially girls, Black children, and children of colour. In this episode, Dr. Sara Grimes (Director of the KMDI) chats with Dr. Samantha White, Assistant Professor of Sport Studies at Manhattanville College (New York), about her work on children’s sporting cultures at the intersection of race and gender, and how mapping the history and politics of children and sports is crucial for understanding contemporary ideas about childhood. The discussion focuses on two of Dr. White’s recent articles, “Ebony Jr! and the Black Athlete: Meritocracy, Sport, and African-American Children’s Media” (Journal of Sport History, 2020), and “Black Girls Swim: Race, Gender, and Embodied Aquatic Histories” (Girlhood Studies, 2021).

Type of research discussed in today’s episode: sports studies; historical research; archival research; textual/media analysis; communication studies; Black studies; gender studies; children’s studies.

Keywords for today’s episode: Black girl athletes; child athletes; children’s sporting culture; media representation; meritocracy; spectacular sports; embodied respectability.

For more information and a full transcript of each episode, check out our website: http://kmdi.utoronto.ca/the-critical-technology-podcast/

Send questions or comments to: [email protected]