Decoded: The Cybersecurity Podcast

Domain 3: Access Control Concepts

A. Security guards

B. Biometric authentication

C. Passwords

D. Fire alarms

Answer: C

A. Two or more forms of authentication from different categories

B. The same password used in multiple places

C. Multiple users authenticating simultaneously

D. A combination of encryption methods

Answer: A

A. Discretionary Access Control (DAC)

B. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

C. Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

D. Mandatory Access Control (MAC)

Answer: B

A. Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

B. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

C. Mandatory Access Control (MAC)

D. Discretionary Access Control (DAC)

Answer: A

A. Discretionary Access Control (DAC)

B. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

C. Mandatory Access Control (MAC)

D. Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

Answer: C

A. Giving users only necessary permissions

B. Allowing administrators unlimited access

C. Preventing user account creation

D. Implementing mandatory security clearances

Answer: A

A. Granted only during specific hours

B. Determined by user role

C. Restricted to known locations

D. Granted after authentication expires

Answer: A

A. Firewall

B. Directory Service

C. Proxy Server

D. Load Balancer

Answer: B

A. Brute force

B. Replay attack

C. Session hijacking

D. Phishing

Answer: C

A. Discretionary Access Control (DAC)

B. Mandatory Access Control (MAC)

C. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

D. Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

Answer: A

A. Encrypt files

B. Enforce secure password creation/management

C. Monitor login attempts

D. Limit account creation

Answer: B

A. Password

B. Smart card

C. Biometrics

D. PIN

Answer: B

A. Loss of password integrity

B. Violation of encryption standards

C. Increased bandwidth usage

D. Unauthorized access

Answer: D

A. Block malicious traffic

B. Prevent brute force attacks

C. Encrypt sensitive data

D. Monitor login attempts

Answer: B

A. Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

B. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

C. Mandatory Access Control (MAC)

D. Discretionary Access Control (DAC)

Answer: A

A. Enhance encryption

B. Verify physical characteristics

C. Monitor network traffic

D. Backup critical data

Answer: B

A. Privilege escalation

B. Time-bound access

C. User provisioning

D. Conditional access

Answer: B

A. Malware

B. Social engineering

C. Phishing

D. Keylogging

Answer: B

A. Multi-factor authentication

B. Password history policies

C. Single sign-on

D. Encryption

Answer: B

A. Block unauthorized users

B. Record access attempts

C. Update user roles

D. Enforce encryption

Answer: B

A. Detect malware

B. Filter traffic between networks

C. Encrypt sensitive information

D. Manage bandwidth

Answer: B

A. Man-in-the-middle

B. Phishing

C. Denial of Service (DoS)

D. Replay

Answer: C

Domain 2: Business Continuity

What is the goal of a Business Continuity Plan (BCP)?

A. Test incident response capabilities

B. Ensure critical business functions continue during a disruption

C. Mitigate cybersecurity vulnerabilities

D. Monitor system performance

Answer: B

Key outcome of a Business Impact Analysis (BIA):

A. Identifying threats

B. Prioritizing critical systems and processes

C. Writing security policies

D. Testing disaster recovery systems

Answer: B

Part of a disaster recovery plan:

A. Incident detection methods

B. Recovery time objectives (RTOs)

C. Employee training manuals

D. Physical security controls

Answer: B

Recovery Point Objective (RPO):

A. Maximum downtime for critical systems

B. Maximum tolerable data loss

C. Time to detect a security incident

D. Frequency of backups

Answer: B

Test simulating a disaster to evaluate response plans:

A. Tabletop exercise

B. Walkthrough drill

C. Full-scale test

D. Functional test

Answer: C

Goal of high availability:

A. Continuous system access

B. Improved system integrity

C. Increased network security

D. Encrypted communication

Answer: A

Backup type copying data changed since the last full backup:

A. Full backup

B. Incremental backup

C. Differential backup

D. Mirror backup

Answer: B

Purpose of redundancy in business continuity:

A. Reduce costs

B. Ensure system reliability

C. Improve encryption

D. Eliminate testing

Answer: B

Alternate site fully operational during a disaster:

A. Hot site

B. Warm site

C. Cold site

D. Shadow site

Answer: A

Difference between disaster recovery and business continuity:

A. Disaster recovery focuses on technology; business continuity on processes.

B. Disaster recovery focuses on processes; business continuity on compliance.

C. Disaster recovery is part of business continuity.

D. They are unrelated.

Answer: C

Purpose of a contingency plan:

A. Steps to respond to unexpected events

B. Methods to eliminate risks

C. Techniques for improving software development

D. Guidelines for encryption protocols

Answer: A

Concept reducing disruption impact by relocating operations:

A. Data recovery

B. Risk mitigation

C. Disaster recovery

D. Continuity of operations

Answer: D

Tool estimating disruption probability and impact:

A. Penetration test

B. Business Impact Analysis (BIA)

C. Security assessment

D. Threat model

Answer: B

Tabletop exercise:

A. Simulated, non-physical test of plans

B. Full activation of business continuity protocols

C. Automated system backup

D. Incident monitoring solution

Answer: A

Ensures data recovery after a disaster:

A. Firewalls

B. Backups

C. Multi-factor authentication

D. Encryption

Answer: B

Document outlining roles during an incident:

A. Business Impact Analysis

B. Disaster Recovery Plan

C. Incident Response Plan

D. Access Control Policy

Answer: C

Difference between RTO and RPO:

A. RTO = downtime; RPO = data loss tolerance.

B. RTO = business processes; RPO = system availability.

C. RTO = mitigation; RPO = recovery.

D. They are identical.

Answer: A

System ensuring uninterrupted power during disasters:

A. UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)

B. Load balancer

C. Firewall

D. Proxy server

Answer: A

Purpose of a warm site:

A. Immediate failover

B. Partial functionality with setup required

C. Basic physical location without equipment

D. Duplicates live systems for seamless recovery

Answer: B

Process evaluating disaster recovery plan effectiveness:

A. Penetration testing

B. Backup monitoring

C. Plan testing and exercises

D. Incident response

Answer: C

Domain 1: Security Principles

1. Which part of the CIA triad ensures data is accessible when needed?

A. Confidentiality

B. Integrity

C. Availability

D. Authentication

Answer: C. Availability

2. What is the main purpose of confidentiality in information security?

A. To ensure data is free from errors

B. To ensure only authorized parties can access data

C. To ensure data is accessible when needed

D. To enforce accountability

Answer: B. To ensure only authorized parties can access data

3. Which security principle ensures data has not been altered during transmission?

A. Integrity

B. Confidentiality

C. Availability

D. Accountability

Answer: A. Integrity

4. Which of the following is considered a preventive control?

A. Firewall

B. Audit log

C. Incident response plan

D. Backup

Answer: A. Firewall

5. What does the principle of least privilege entail?

A. Users should have the maximum access possible.

B. Users should only have access necessary for their role.

C. All access should be denied by default.

D. Users should share accounts.

Answer: B. Users should only have access necessary for their role.

6. A policy requiring two people to approve a critical action is an example of:

A. Separation of duties

B. Job rotation

C. Least privilege

D. Defense in depth

Answer: A. Separation of duties

7. Encryption is primarily used to achieve:

A. Availability

B. Confidentiality

C. Integrity

D. Accountability

Answer: B. Confidentiality

8. Which of the following describes a threat?

A. A weakness in a system

B. A potential danger to a system

C. A measure taken to reduce risk

D. A way to detect vulnerabilities

Answer: B. A potential danger to a system

9. What is a vulnerability?

A. A measure to counteract a threat

B. A weakness in a system that can be exploited

C. A probability of a threat occurring

D. A risk to the system

Answer: B. A weakness in a system that can be exploited

10. What type of risk cannot be fully eliminated but must be accepted?

A. Avoidable risk

B. Residual risk

C. Inherent risk

D. Mitigated risk

Answer: B. Residual risk

11. Which of the following is an example of a physical control?

A. Firewall rules

B. Biometric scanners

C. Encryption algorithms

D. Password policies

Answer: B. Biometric scanners

12. What is an example of a deterrent control?

A. Security guards

B. Data backup

C. Antivirus software

D. Incident response

Answer: A. Security guards

13. What is the purpose of defense in depth?

A. To focus all efforts on a single strong control

B. To layer multiple security measures

C. To ensure faster access to data

D. To eliminate risks completely

Answer: B. To layer multiple security measures

14. Social engineering attacks primarily target:

A. Software vulnerabilities

B. Network protocols

C. Human behavior

D. Encryption mechanisms

Answer: C. Human behavior

15. Which of the following is an example of social engineering?

A. Sending a phishing email

B. Exploiting a software bug

C. Performing a man-in-the-middle attack

D. Cracking a password hash

Answer: A. Sending a phishing email

16. What is the primary goal of risk assessment?

A. To eliminate all risks

B. To identify and prioritize risks

C. To design security controls

D. To monitor security incidents

Answer: B. To identify and prioritize risks

17. Which type of attack involves overwhelming a network with traffic?

A. Phishing

B. Ransomware

C. Denial of Service (DoS)

D. Keylogging

Answer: C. Denial of Service (DoS)

18. What is the primary purpose of policies in cybersecurity?

A. To replace technical controls

B. To provide guidelines and expectations

C. To replace monitoring systems

D. To enforce compliance

Answer: B. To provide guidelines and expectations

19. A brute-force attack targets:

A. The user’s personal details

B. Guessing passwords systematically

C. Exploiting a software vulnerability

D. Social manipulation

Answer: B. Guessing passwords systematically

20. What type of malware encrypts files and demands payment for their release?

A. Spyware

B. Ransomware

C. Worm

D. Trojan

Answer: B. Ransomware

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