Presheaf; subsheaf; it’s just a functor defined from a “simple” category of opens (with hom set only the inclusion) to Ab. Require F(empty)=0, gluing condition and unique condition.
The bridge are maximal ideals M=(Ti-ai) such that containing I, where A = k[Ti]/I. Either Taylor expand or k[Ti] to k; Ti to ai; we see P in M iff P(a)=0.
1) Statement of the result. 2) A F.g as a ring over B vs. A f.g as a module over B: latter iff feinter+integral over B; 3) integral: don’t forget monic poly