These sources collectively examine the pervasive impact of disruptive innovation and technology across various sectors. The excerpt provides a comprehensive overview of the theory of disruptive innovation, its origins with Clayton Christensen, different types like low-end and new market disruption, and examples throughout history, while also noting criticisms of the concept. The article focuses on fintech as a prime example of disruptive business models in finance, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize financial products, intermediation, and markets, and considering implications for regulators. Lastly, the material on retail explores how exponential technologies such as AI, blockchain, IoT, AR/VR, and 3D printing are currently transforming the retail industry, impacting customer engagement, supply chains, and the overall shopping experience, ultimately envisioning a digitally powered future for retail.