Neo-Darwinism does not explain the origin of enzymes and metabolic pathways. Discovery Institute's Ann Gauger and her co-author Doug Axe (rsr.org/axe) have identified six problems in the naturalistic origin of metabolic pathways. Real Science Radio sees these problems as insurmountable as host Bob Enyart interviews Dr. Gauger, Senior Fellow at the DI's Center for Science and Culture who earned her biology degree at MIT, her Ph.D. in developmental biology from the University of Washington, who has done post-doctoral research as a fellow at Harvard, and who has been published by the journals Nature, Development, and Biological Chemistry. Also, Dr. Axe, Ph.D. from Caltech, held post-doctoral and research scientist positions at the University of Cambridge and his work and ideas have been featured in the Journal of Molecular Biology, the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, and Nature. Click for Ann's recent writings and her collaboration on Theistic Evolution: A Scientific, Philosophical, and Theological Critique. * Other RSR Discovery Institute Interviews:  Check out On China's Cloned Monkeys with Biologist Ann Gauger and to hear our other fun and informative interviews with Discovery Institute scientists and scholars, just click on over to rsr.org/di. * From the Host: Bob Enyart, who interviewed Dr. Gauger, spoke a while back on Pepperdine's campus in a "counter-conference" organized by alumni to oppose the school's teaching of theistic evolution: * The Richard Dawkins 3-to-1 Evolution Challenge: Research for a debate on the Bible led Bob Enyart and his associate Will Duffy to Oxford University. While there, thinking about the popularity of RSR's graphical evolution challenges, such as the Evolution Vision Challenge and about the success of our PZ Myers Trochlea Challenge (click for that evolutionist's reply), the guys decided to hand deliver to the Oxford office of professor emeritus Richard Dawkins a printed copy of RSR's Dawkins 3-to-1 Challenge. (Dawkins still lectures there for a course titled, Science Literacy: Evolution for Non-Scientists.) Intelligent Design arguments based on complexity, like the flagellum argument offered by Michael Behe, are powerful yet that very complexity provides opportunities for opponents to obfuscate. (For example, if a cellular component is assembled from twenty parts, an evolutionist can make somewhat irrelevant comments about two or three of those parts, and get millions of evolutionists to claim that he has refuted that design challenge.) Thus Real Science Radio has been testing arguments based on the simpler, rather than the more complex, aspects of organisms. It appears that these inherently simpler arguments may more effectively demonstrate the inability of the materialist worldview to explain biology. (Our Myers Trochlea Challenge is just such an argument, focusing on one of the simplest parts of the human vision system.) So the graphic that we delivered to New College asserts that neither Richard Dawkins, nor any materialist, will ever be able to answer this simple Dawkins 3-to-1 Evolution Challenge: