The Civil War battles were chaotic, characterized by the noise of cannons and rifle fire, where communication among troops relied heavily on drummer boys, often young adolescents who faced great danger on the battlefield. Notable events included the Battle of Fredericksburg, where Union General Burnside suffered heavy losses due to poor strategy, and the Battle of Chancellorsville, marked by General Lee's brilliant yet costly victory, which resulted in the death of his key general, Stonewall Jackson. The pivotal Battle of Gettysburg, featuring intense fighting over three days, ended with significant casualties for both sides and marked a turning point in the war, leading to the Union's control of the Mississippi River after the siege of Vicksburg. In November 1863, President Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address, emphasizing the war's purpose of preserving liberty and equality, which would ultimately resonate through history as a profound reflection on sacrifice and national ideals