econGully Marathi Podcast

Farmers lost more than Rs. 40000 crores due to a government policy. This is about wheat inflation, export bans and much more.

सरकारच्या धोरणामुळे शेतकर्‍यांचे Rs. 40000 कोटीचे नुकसान झाले. हा एपिसोड गव्हाची महागाई, निर्यात बंदी आणि बरेच काही आहे.

Sources and Further References:

Farmers lost about Rs 40,000 crore due to Centre’s measures to control food inflation, says study, Scroll

Where has India's record wheat and rice output gone?, Mint

Express View on stock limits on wheat: Going backwards, IE

Agri Reforms: Are We On Board?, Swapnil Karkare, econGully Blog

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India's G20 Presidency was special, for sure. But is G20 still relevant? Has it achieved what it has said in the past? And what went wrong with this year's summit?

भारताचे G20 अध्यक्षपद निश्चितच खास होते. पण G20 अजूनही संबंधित आहे का? भूतकाळात जे सांगितले ते साध्य केले आहे का? आणि यंदाच्या परिषदेत काय चुका झाल्या आहेत?

Sources and Further References:

1. What Is the G20 and What Does It Do?, NYT
2. Why the G20 Keeps Failing, and Still Matters, NYT
3. Can India Challenge China for Leadership of the ‘Global South’?, NYT
4. Explained | Five key takeaways from the roaring success of New Delhi G20 Summit, WION
5. The G20 summit will be a resounding success for India, The Economist
6. G20 Summit | New Economic Corridor and Biofuel Alliance: Show or Substance?, The Quint
7. New Delhi got a makeover for the G20 summit. The city's poor say they were simply erased, Washington Post
8. How India and the U.S. Succeeded at the G20 Without China’s Xi, Time

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BRICS group consists of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. It has extended its membership in 2023 and has added six more countries. 

Currently, BRICS does not assume a significant role in international economics and geopolitics. But will it strengthen in the near future? You will get some food for thought in this episode.

ब्रिक्स गटात ब्राझील, रशिया, भारत, चीन आणि दक्षिण आफ्रिका यांचा समावेश आहे. त्याने 2023 मध्ये सदस्यत्व वाढवले आहे आणि आणखी सहा देश जोडले आहेत.

सध्या, BRICS आंतरराष्ट्रीय अर्थशास्त्र आणि भू-राजकारणात महत्त्वाची भूमिका घेत नाही. पण नजीकच्या भविष्यात ते बळकट होईल का? या एपिसोडमध्ये तुम्हाला काही विचार करायला मिळेल.

Sources and Further References:

1. Six Years of GST, DataSpot Podcast, YouTube
2. BRICS 2.0: Addition of new members will make more room for dialogue, Rajiv Bhatia, Indian Express
3. Despite imperfections, BRICS-11 will strengthen multipolarity, Deccan Herald
4. What is a BRICS currency and is the U.S. dollar in trouble?, Reuters
5. Worldview with Suhasini Haidar | BRICS Summit | What could the group’s expansion mean for India?, The Hindu

How to make Rupee an international currency? 

रुपयाला आंतरराष्ट्रीय चलन कसे बनवायचे?

Sources and References:

Report of the Inter-Departmental Group (IDG) on Internationalisation of INR, RBI

It’s Time to Get Real About the Rupee’s Global Role, Andy Mukherjee, Bloomberg

Trade in Indian rupee with Russia shows hiccups in ‘de-dollarisation’ concept, The Tribune

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What will happen to Indian agriculture if it rains less?

पाऊस कमी पडला तर भारतीय शेतीचे काय होईल?

Sources and Further References:

1. Agriculture: Beyond Rainfall - DataSpot Podcast
2. CA Podcast: Thinking Beyond - My new podcast

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Dr Sameer Patil is a Senior Fellow at ORF Mumbai. His research focuses on the intersection of technology and national security, including cybersecurity. He worked as Assistant Director in National Security Council Secretariat under the Prime Minister’s Office. He has also participated in several dialogues after the 2008 Mumbai attacks with the US and UK. He is the author of Securing India in the Cyber Era (Routledge, 2022) and has co-edited Moving Forward EU-India Relations: The Significance of the Security Dialogues (Edizioni Nuova Cultura, 2017).

We discussed how India's defence systems have developed since its independence. How is it different from our neighbouring Pakistan? How have things changed post-26/11 Mumbai attacks? What was working in National Security Council Secretariat like? What is the current situation of the India-China relationship? 

Our conversation is in Marathi. 

Podcast Content:

2:40 - Interview Starts
4:03 - Origins of the concept of 'Think-Tank'
10:05 - Work of ORF (Observer Research Foundation)
10:50 - Sameer's role at ORF
12:35 - Various other Indian think tanks working in Defence/Strategic Studies areas
14:47 - Interlinkage of Defence Policy and Economics
20:52 - What kind of defence system we inherited from the British government and how did the Indian government change it?
28:15 - What's the difference between India's and Pakistan's defence systems?
31:57 - What triggered the military coup in Pakistan?
33:39 - Can India witness a military coup ever? (Hypothetically)
36:50 - On the Civil-Military relationship
   38:40 - Role of various committees and consultative mechanism
   40:31 - Importance of diversity in Indian military
   42:50 - Why Nehru created paramilitary forces?
47:56 - Sameer's role at National Security Council Secretariat 
54:06 - How to connect the dots between various tips by different security agencies and understand patterns of terrorism?
57:50 - How much is this similar to what is shown in the movies?
59:09 - What changed post-26/11 Mumbai attacks?
1:04:20 - Lone-wolf - A new challenge for counter-terrorism!
1:07:36 - How to tackle radicalisation?
   1:08:50 - Deradicalisation and Counter-radicalisation
   1:09:35 - Role of Google's Redirect program
1:12:47 - Present geopolitical situation
    1:14:20 - Is Sameer optimistic about peaceful new world order?
    1:19:40 - 'Realism' in international cooperation
    1:21:00 - Polarisation like Cold-War and Emergence of the Third Bloc
1:27:43 - India - China Relationship Status
1:34:15 - Inviting China to G20 Summit this year at New Delhi
1:37:22 - How to study defence policies / strategic studies / public policies?

Follow Sameer -

Twitter - @SameerP_IND - https://twitter.com/SameerP_IND

ORF - https://www.orfonline.org/people-expert/sameer-patil/

Further References:

1. Sameer's Books: Securing India in the Cyber Era (Routledge, 2022)

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Karnataka's new government decided to transfer money to people instead of rice. This is a unique style of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) and might be implemented nationwide. What exactly is the scheme? So, will that succeed? Or not? 

कर्नाटकच्या नवीन सरकारने तांदळाऐवजी लोकांना पैसे हस्तांतरित करण्याचा निर्णय घेतला. डायरेक्ट बेनिफिट ट्रान्सफर (DBT) ची ही एक अनोखी शैली आहे आणि ती देशभरात लागू केली जाऊ शकते. नेमकी काय योजना आहे? तर, ते यशस्वी होईल का? किंवा नाही?

Sources and Further References:

1. Karnataka Becomes an Accidental Pioneer of Cash Transfers for Food, The Wire

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Copper is the primary raw material for any industry. In this episode, we will see how copper gets produced, and which factors impact its demand, supply, and prices. How does copper price react to different socio-political and economic factors? Know the basics of copper market in the world through this episode.

कोणत्याही उद्योगासाठी तांबे हा प्राथमिक कच्चा माल आहे. या एपिसोडमध्ये, आपण तांब्याचे उत्पादन कसे होते आणि त्याची मागणी, पुरवठा आणि किंमतींवर कोणते घटक परिणाम करतात ते पाहू. तांब्याची किंमत वेगवेगळ्या सामाजिक-राजकीय आणि आर्थिक घटकांवर कशी प्रतिक्रिया देते? या एपिसोडद्वारे जगातील तांबे बाजाराची मूलभूत माहिती जाणून घ्या.

Sources and Further References:

1. Copper is unexpectedly getting cheaper, The Economist
2. What is Copper? A Trader’s Primer to Copper Markets, Daily FX
3. Copper: Meaning, Price Determinants, Future, Investopedia
4. The World Copper Factbook 2022, International Copper Study Group
5. Copper Mine Production, Statista

Why did Tomato prices cross Rs. 100 per kg?

टोमॅटोचे भाव रु100 प्रति किलोच्या वर का गेले?

Sources and Further References:

1. Weather impact. Vegetable prices go up due to inadequate rains, soaring temperature, The Hindu Business Line

2. Vegetable prices soar in Andhra Pradesh, tomato touches Rs. 100 mark, Hans India

3. Consumers feel the heat as vegetable prices soar in Tamil Nadu, The New Indian Express
4. Storm in vegetable basket, Zee Business

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Swanand Kelkar, a rare multi-talent, is a qualified Chartered Accountant, an MBA, a certified yoga instructor, a club cricketer and a film producer. He is a Managing Partner at Breakout Capital Advisors. Before, starting an entrepreneurial journey into investments, he worked at Morgan Stanley. But the most exciting and unique part of his career is the step to go on a sabbatical. 

We talked about investing and economics, but we dedicated the first half of this interview to his sabbatical adventures. He explained why he did what he did in that period and also gave a lot of life advice such as goal setting, discipline and much more (who knows - he might even be a motivational speaker after a decade or so). 

He has also produced the Marathi movie Fulrani and shared his experiences on and off the movie set.

Our conversation is in Marathi and English.

You can watch the video version on my YouTube Channel.

स्वानंद केळकर, एक दुर्मिळ बहु-प्रतिभा, एक चार्टर्ड अकाउंटंट, एक एमबीए, एक प्रमाणित योग प्रशिक्षक, एक क्लब क्रिकेटर आणि एक चित्रपट निर्माता आहे. तो Breakout Capital Advisors चा Managing Partner आहे. गुंतवणुकीमधे उद्योजकीय प्रवास सुरू करण्यापूर्वी त्यांनी Morgan Stanley येथे काम केले. पण त्याच्या कारकिर्दीचा सर्वात रोमांचक आणि अनोखा भाग म्हणजे सब्बॅटिकलवर जाण्याचा निर्णय.

आम्ही गुंतवणूक आणि अर्थशास्त्र याबद्दल बोललो, परंतु आम्ही या मुलाखतीचा पूर्वार्ध त्याच्या सब्बॅटिकल वर चर्चा केली. त्या काळात त्याने जे केले ते त्याने का केले याचे स्पष्टीकरण दिले आणि goal setting, शिस्त आणि बरेच काही यांसारखे जीवनविषयक सल्लेही दिले (कोणास ठाऊक - तो एक दशकानंतर motivational speaker देखील होऊ शकतो).

त्यांनी फुलराणी या मराठी चित्रपटाची निर्मितीही केली असून चित्रपटाच्या सेटवर आणि बाहेरील अनुभव त्यांनी शेअर केले आहेत.

आमचे संभाषण मराठी आणि इंग्रजीत आहे.

---------------
3:10 - Why sabbatical?
7:39 - What things did Swanand pursue during his sabbatical? Why did he continue being in the finance world even after that?
11:00 - Learned different things from the best trainers
18:15 - What was the sabbatical schedule?
23:30 - Not being delusional, Goal Setting, Going out of Comfort Zone and Hustle are required even in hobbies
28:00 - Reactions by old generations vs. younger generations
33:18 - Is Swanand able to pursue all the hobbies after a sabbatical?
36:19 - Analysing global and Indian economies
43:20 - India stands out amongst many emerging markets
44:32 - What are the risks for India's economy?
46:05 - On the global slowdown
49:13 - Thoughts on unemployment and K-shaped recovery in India
52:50 - Why investing in emerging markets is going to be beneficial?
57:33 - Sectoral outlook in Indian markets
59:26 - Swanand's filmy turn - On film production and What's film production?
1:05:04 - Recommendations
---------------
Recommendations made:
Books - 
1. Prisoners of Geography (Tim Marshall) - https://amzn.to/3XsWaC0
2. Building a Second Brain (Tiago Forte) - https://amzn.to/3pmhUmc
3. Roller Coaster (Tamal Bandyopadhyay) - https://amzn.to/430GHtL

Movies - 
1. Phulrani - Amazon Prime Video - https://tinyurl.com/y83z9pr8
2. Raat Akeli Hain - Netflix - https://tinyurl.com/dwvddfmr
---------------
Follow Swanand -
Twitter - @Swa_Kel - https://twitter.com/Swa_Kel
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/swanand-kelkar-2b91975/
YouTube - @swanandkelkar3033 - https://www.youtube.com/@swanandkelkar3033
---------------

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