Anishinaabe Elder Sam Achneepineskum has witnessed four disruptions to Indigenous ways of life starting with the arrival of settlers, overtrapping, and how two clashing viewpoints about the natural world began to throw everything out of balance.

This podcast is a companion to Tanya Talaga’s documentary “Spirit to Soar: Mashkawi-manidoo bimaadiziwin,” available on CBC Gem starting September 24.