Introduction

Recently, during a trip to San Francisco, I witnessed a family, awestruck, stepping out of a driverless car—a vivid reminder of the city's dual realities. On one hand, San Francisco remains a global tech hub, a gleaming symbol of neoliberal capitalism's promise of innovation. On the other, the glaring failures of this same system are evident in the staggering number of unhoused people lining the streets. Walking into a McDonald's, I was struck by the ubiquity of automated kiosks and mobile apps, making the labor force practically invisible. 

While many on the left celebrate labor victories at Starbucks, the struggles of fast food workers remain underemphasized. The "Fight for 15" campaign—a demand that would still leave workers in poverty in cities like San Francisco—highlights the grim reality. Although California's minimum wage is higher, 20 states still cling to the federal minimum wage of $7.25. The specter of automation is wielded as a fear mongering tactic, used to suppress labor demands, but this is a decades-old strategy to prevent worker solidarity. 

As Alex Park argues in his article for *Jacobin*, **"Raise Wages? No Need—McDonald's Is Hiring Inmates Instead"**, the fear of robots replacing workers is a distraction from neoliberal capitalism's deeper exploitations. Park writes:

> "In Toronto, the salad and smoothie chain Freshii came under fire two years ago for outsourcing order-taking to workers in Nicaragua, beamed to customers through a video conferencing system."

This practice, while momentarily halted, continues in other forms, with companies like Happy Cashier exploiting virtual labor from the Global South. 

Park also raises the specter of child labor, a grim reminder of how low-wage industries exploit the most vulnerable. According to the Economic Policy Institute, cases of child labor violations in fast food have more than tripled from 2015 to 2022. Meanwhile, states like Alabama are passing laws to weaken child labor protections, legalizing what is already happening under the radar. 

The reality is that automation, child labor, and even prison labor aren’t inevitable byproducts of technological progress. They are deliberate strategies under neoliberal capitalism to drive down wages and weaken worker solidarity, ensuring the continuous extraction of profit from marginalized labor. Tonight, we will delve into Alex Park’s work and discuss how to resist these exploitative tactics and build a global working-class movement in solidarity with fast food workers.