3D media is a transformative field widely utilized across diverse sectors, including movie and TV production, video game development, architecture and product visualization, medical imaging, and virtual and augmented reality. The foundational knowledge of 3D design encompasses 3D modeling, rendering, animation, materials, and lighting.
3D modeling involves creating objects in three-dimensional space by manipulating points, lines, and planes. Common techniques include direct modeling (used by software like Sketchup), parametric modeling, and sculpting (excelled by ZBrush). Rendering converts 3D models into 2D images or animations, leveraging techniques such as ray tracing, various types of shadows (hard and soft), and reflections (specular and diffuse) to achieve high realism. Materials define an object's surface properties like color, texture, and reflectivity, while lighting simulates real-world light sources to influence object appearance and create shadows.
3D animation production primarily uses keyframe animation, where a computer calculates movement between set keyframes, and path animation, which guides models along predefined paths. Camera techniques are crucial for directing audience focus and enhancing storytelling. Advanced 3D design techniques include subdivision for increased model detail, physical dynamics to simulate real-world physics like gravity and collisions, particle systems for phenomena like fire and smoke, and simulation plugins for complex behaviors such as cloth or fluid dynamics. Scripts and plugins also enhance software flexibility. Mastering 3D technology is a long-term endeavor, with significant breakthroughs now emerging in AIGC (Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content) for 3D media.

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