hat was the question king Edward IV asked the representatives of the Steelyard in 1469. And he had a good reason to ask, because tensions between the English and the Hansa had escalated, ships were captured, and people got killed. He wanted to know who to negotiate with and in particular, who could sign a binding agreement that would put an end to this.

The answer he got was not very satisfactory....

The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.

As always:

Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.com

Facebook: @HOTGPod 

Twitter: @germanshistory

Instagram: history_of_the_germans

Reddit: u/historyofthegermans

Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Historyofthegermans

And finally, bibliography. I would like to add a few works

to our usual list, in particular:

Jahnke,

Carsten: Die Hanse | Reclam Verlag

Jahnke, Carsten: Netzwerke in Handel und Kommunikation an

der Wende vom 15. zum 16. Jahrhundert am Beispiel zweier Revaler Kaufleute. Netzwerke

(hansischergeschichtsverein.de)

Justyna

Wubs-Mrozewicz and Stuart Jenks, eds. The Hanse in Medieval and Early Modern

Europe. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD:

Peoples, Economies and Culture 60. Leiden: Brill, 2013. vi + 296 pp. $171.

ISBN: 978-90-04-21252-7. | Renaissance Quarterly | Cambridge Core

The

Boundless Sea: A Human History of the Oceans The Boundless Sea

(wolfsonhistoryprize.org.uk)