This week’s episode features previous segments about two iconic groups in history— Neanderthals and Vikings. We uncover fascinating discoveries about their lives, cultures, and legacies through groundbreaking archaeological research. From understanding Neanderthal DNA’s impact on modern humans to unraveling the secrets of Viking exploration and burial practices, this episode is packed with insights for history enthusiasts. 

We look into 6 different topics:

00:14: Overview of the Neanderthals

15:20: Impact of modern humans in Neanderthal DNA

21:27: Graves of early humans vs. Neanderthals

28:16: Ancient carved bear bone – Neanderthal Art?

34:38: Mystery Viking objects examined – ancient navigational devices?

37:58: Dendrochronology study yields clues about real-world Ragnarok

Links & Resources 

• Recurrent gene flow between Neanderthals and modern humans over the past 200,000 years: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adi1768 
• Neandertal burial practices in Western Asia: How different are they from those of the early Homo sapiens?: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003552124000682
• A Middle Palaeolithic incised bear bone from the Dziadowa Skała Cave, Poland: the oldest marked object north of the Carpathian Mountains: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440324000372 
• The impact of the volcanic double event in AD 536 and AD 539/540 on tree-ring growth and felling activity in Danish oak trees: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352409X24003171 
• A Middle Palaeolithic incised bear bone from the Dziadowa Skała Cave, Poland: the oldest marked object north of the Carpathian Mountains: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440324000372 

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