Ethical Hacking

malware is short term of malicious software.

▪  it is kind of Software designed to infiltrate a computer system and possibly damage it

without the user’s knowledge or consent. we had different types of malware as well such as

• Viruses

• Worms

• Trojan horses

• Ransomware

• Spyware

• Rootkits

• Spam

Viruses o Virus ▪ Malicious code that runs on a machine without the user’s knowledge and infects the computer when executed ▪ Viruses require a user action in order to reproduce and spread • Boot sector o Boot sector viruses are stored in the first sector of a hard drive and are loaded into memory upon boot up • Macro o Virus embedded into a document and is executed when the document is opened by the user • Program o Program viruses infect an executable or application • Multipartite o Virus that combines boot and program viruses to first attach itself to the boot sector and system files before attacking other files on the computer • Encrypted • Polymorphic o Advanced version of an encrypted virus that changes itself every time it is executed by altering the decryption module to avoid detection

Metamorphic o Virus that is able to rewrite itself entirely before it attempts to infect a file (advanced version of polymorphic virus) • Stealth • Armored o Armored viruses have a layer of protection to confuse a program or person analyzing it • Hoax

Worms o Worm ▪ Malicious software, like a virus, but is able to replicate itself without user interaction ▪ Worms self-replicate and spread without a user’s consent or action ▪ Worms can cause disruption to normal network traffic and computing activities ▪ Example • 2009: 9-15 million computers infected with conficker .