Kozkakuauhtli was born and raised in New Mexico where he experienced economic disadvantages, hardships and many obstacles which have shaped him as a man. Nonetheless, he is an active artist who uses his experiences to drive his artistry and is looking forward to one day completing his education.

LOBO, originally from El Paso by way of Albuquerque now living in Oregon. Local Oregon Brown Beret Captain and Co-Chair of LA MEZA NACIONAL DE BROWN BERETS. He promotes absolute militancy within the Brown Berets and advocates for the 2nd Amendment for all indigenous RAZA and Chicanos.

Ernesto Ayala, born in Panorama City and raised in San Fernando and Pacoima, is a proud Chicano and member of El Partido Nacional de La Raza Unida; a Chicano/Raza political organization he was born into and now serves as a Pro-Tern Chair.

Sources   

"Original Settlers of Los Angeles." Los Angeles Almanac. 1998-2019 Given Place Media, publishing as Los Angeles Almanac. 2 Jan. 2019  http://www.laalmanac.com/history/hi03c.php.

Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Iguala Plan." Encyclopedia Britannica, February 17, 2021.                  https://www.britannica.com/event/Iguala-Plan.

Kelly, David. “Vision That Inspires Some and Scares Others: Aztlan.” Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles), July 7, 2006. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-jul-07-me-aztlan7-story.html.

Carlos is a recent graduate from Portland State University, choosing to major in Political Science and minor in Foreign Language. Currently resides outside of Portland and has recently become more conservative-leaning with American Politics.

Sources

Gonzalez, Juan. 2011. Harvest of Empire: A History of Latinos in America. New York, New York: Penguin Books. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Harvest_of_Empire/zCkVEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1

Sowell, Thomas. 2015. Wealth, Poverty and Politics  New York, New York: Basic Books. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Wealth_Poverty_and_Politics/vCnXCwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover

Armando Reyes was born and raised in California’s South Central Los Angeles. He is currently working towards improving and converting his community and supports organizations that aim to do the same. A firm believer in historical education and connecting with like-minded individuals.    

Sources   

Ahau, Kurimeo. 2017. “Hebrew Aboriginal Copper Colored Tribes of America - Moses/Hawah/Eber/Lost Tribes/Promised Land.” Youtube. https://youtu.be/Q-dPf0trGFs.  

Emmons, William R., and Bryan J. Noeth. 2014. “Hispanic Population's Share of Wealth Likely to Increase by 2025.” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, (June). https://www.stlouisfed.org/publications/in-the-balance/2014/hispanic-populations-share-of-wealth-likely-to-increase-by-2025 J

Jimenez, Alejandro. 2020. “Sing Me A Brown Song.” Youtube. https://youtu.be/I2jAqCnJUgI. 

Salazar, Ruben. “Who Is a Chicano? And What Is It the Chicanos Want?” Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles), February 6, 1970. http://chollacruz.weebly.com/uploads/4/7/1/2/47123737/ruben_salazar_-_who_is_a_chicano.pdf Reichard, Raquel. 2019. “Remembering Carmelita 

Torres, The Teenage Mexicana Who Started A Riot At The Texas Border.” Mitú. https://www.stlouisfed.org/publications/in-the-balance/2014/hispanic-populations-share-of-wealth-likely-to-increase-by-2025 

Sertima, Ivan V. 1976. They Came Before Columbus. New York, New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks. https://afrikin.org/books/Ivan-Van-Sertima-They-Came-Before-Columbus.pdf

This Chicano describes the challenges Raza faces with risk-taking, why he chose sports gambling, and how classism is a bigger factor than racism for Raza, which ultimately keeps us more divided.

Sources   

Department of Health and Human Services, “Obesity and Hispanic-Americans,” Office of Minority Health, 2019, https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/browse.aspx?lvl=4&lvlid=70

APM Research Lab Staff, “Color of Covid,” APM Research Lab, February 4, 2021, https://www.apmresearchlab.org/covid/deaths-by-race

Berkeley Lovelace Jr. “Covid Hospitalizations,” CNBC, March 8, 2021, https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/08/covid-cdc-study-finds-roughly-78percent-of-people-hospitalized-were-overweight-or-obese.html

Sources   

Joe Martinez Jr., Richard Mendoza, Chicano Psychology, Academic Press, 1984  

Department of Health and Human Services, “Mental & Behavioral Health,” Office of Minority Health, 2019, https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/browse.aspx?lvl=4&lvlid=69

Lizzie Wade, “Human Sacrifice,” Science, June 21, 2018, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/06/feeding-gods-hundreds-skulls-reveal-massive-scale-human-sacrifice-aztec-capital

Itztli Ehecatl, “A Brief History of the Mexicayotl Movement,” Calmecac Anahuac, June 2, 2014.

History.com Editors "Christianity, Dogma, Definition & Beliefs," History, April 2, 2021.

History.com Editors, "Reconquest of Spain,” History, December 22, 2020.

History.com Editors, "Inquisition," History, August 21, 2018.

Omar Villegas, “Hip-Hop infancy,” MITÚ, April 3, 2015, https://wearemitu.com/mitu-world/latino-influence-during-the-birth-of-hip-hop/

Justifying Latino History in Hip-Hop Culture, http://umich.edu/~ac213/student_projects06/tylaxe/justifying.html