Last lesson:SimonJohn HyrcanusExpansion of JudeaDoctrine of proselytizingEffects of expansionObservance of law vs. proselytizingHellenized cities vs. EasternizedIdumeaMass forced conversionDefectionsConversion not necessarily assimilationGalileeHick town north of SamariaBarriers to interactionWho were the Samaritans?Occupiers of northern kingdom of IsraelOther nations that had been deportedDeported yet again – to Samaria ~ 700 BCPerplexed at problemsAttacked by wild animalsWanted to appease “god of this land”The fixAssyrian king sends a priestGood choice?Did he teach them well?Initial results“Feared God”Kept high placesJehovah treated as just another godSamaria often refuge for renegadesPriest named Manasseh (409 BC – Nehemiah 13:28)Builds templeSamaritans begin abandoning other godsDoctor scripture to reflect their “reality”Progress of Samaritan “Jewishness”Destruction of temple at Mt. GerizimContinued use of Mt. GerizimSpeaking of templesTemple at ElephantineTemple at HeliopolisJustificationIsaiah 19:19Does this work?Highlights problems of interpretationWhat happened to them?John Hyrcanus designates wife as heirAs ruler, not as priestHe dies in 104, son imprisons herAristobulus now rulesDeclares himself as both priest and kingConquers the rest of Galilee and ItureaImprisons his three brothersDies of illness after one yearWife of Aristobulus nicer than husbandJannaeus now high priest and kingMarries brother’s widow, AlexandraSpent younger years in GalileeVigorous military campaignsGained much territoryLost same within several yearsPersecuted PhariseesMocked the feastsCivil warPharisees vs. Sadducees, Hasmoneans50,000 killed in six yearsPharisees appeal to Seleucids for helpJannaeus dies in 76 BCQueen Salome Alexandra takes throneShe sides with PhariseesPharisees dump foreign tyrants for native tyrantQueen AlexandraEstablishes SanhedrinRabbinical councilReligious legislative powersJudicial authorityStrengthens Judean armyAppoints son, John Hurcanus II, as high priestShe dies in 67 BCSon takes throneComing weeksFall of Hasmonean DynastyRoman intrigue, dominanceBeginning of the Herodian DynastyThe role of women in Jewish societyThe social strata of JerusalemUnclean, unwholeThe Sabbath and its lawsHomework!Read:Matthew 2:1-22Mark 3:6Luke 3:1, 19-20; 8:1-2; 9:1-9; 13:31-32; 23:6-12Mark 6:7-29; 8:15; 12:13Acts 12:1-23
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