Fresh AiR

Fresh AiR

By Answers in Reason - Joe Johnstone, Dave Rowlands, Martijn, Kristyn Pike & GuestsSociety & CulturePhilosophy
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Fresh AiR episodes

  • Discussions and The Burden of Proof – Podcast Version

    Discussions and The Burden of Proof Posted on6th November 2022  ByDavidian

    One of the problems with contemporary social media discourse is jumping around and ahead in the conversation, misusing terms, axioms, and similar and not taking the time to actually have a discussion and understand what the other person is saying.

    We are too quick to judge people based on the group we think they belong to and forget to appreciate the nuance between positions. A Christian is judged by how we judge all Christians based on previous experiences with Christians. The same can be said for atheists, Muslims or any other group.

    This form of tribalism and cognitive bias makes use too quick to assume positions, all entailed beliefs and rationality, and you find people just name fallacies (often incorrectly) instead of having a dialogue and reaching some accord.

    Recap: We often fail to hold conversations and throw out erroneous statements based on poor assumptions.

    There is a difference between a belief and a claim.

    A belief is something you accept as true. (Think most likely, conclude is the case etc)
    A claim is something to say IS true.

    So, sure, there is a claim that you believe something, but as we don’t have access to anyone’s mental states this isn’t anything we can prove, and really, why would someone say they believe something that they don’t? (Except for outlier cases and cons which again don’t really apply to social media conversations.)

    When you do or don’t believe something, the only real duty you have is to yourself, and even then this duty only applies if you care about rationality.

    Recap: Your primary duty to any belief position is to yourself.

    Rationality deals with the way we reason, using the rules of logic and probability theory. This entails having no strong evidence against your position, no contradiction in your beliefs, not using fallacious reasoning but also realising that bit everything is a fallacy e.g. there are some authorities you can trust without it being a fallay, and this ties into good theories of testimony and all sorts.

    So, if we care about rationality, our burden is to justify our position, at least to ourselves, so that we can ensure that we are holding a rational position.

    Recap: rationality deals with the way you reason, everyone has a burden to justify their position to themselves if they care about rationality.

    You can be wrong (without knowing it) and still be rational, and you can be correct and irrational.

    However, rationality is definitely something that would usually lead one to truth if all all information was available to you and analysed mitigating all bias – which is hard to do, as bias is built into our wiring.

    So, one’s rationality is somewhat relative to the information available. Someone in an epistemic bubble could be rational for believing something that outside of that bubble would be wildly irrational.

    It can be said one can only be as rational as one can be. We should judge a child as a child, they do not have fully developed brains nor learned adequate reasoning skills, and therefore their behaviour is by default less rational on an adult scale.


    This too relates to the information available. Forming an option based on 3 bits of information that point to a single conclusion and not being able to find anything else would be rational, even if that conclusion was wrong.

    If you later found additional information that then leads elsewhere and the original conclusion was wrong, it would be irrational to maintain that original conclusion as true.

    Recap: rationality should be judged in a more relative way, and based on reasoning, not conclusions.

    Full Article at:

    Discussions and The Burden of Proof » Answers In Reason (answers-in-reason.com)


    16 min
  • “Religious People are Dumb” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM!
    Are Religious People More Stupid Than Atheists? We atheists have a number of things in our toolbelts, and one of those is memes. Many of these memes are oversimplifications or just flat out wrong, so I thought I would create a series to address some of our worst memes and explain why they are so bad....
    Read More ““Religious People are Dumb” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM!” »
    The post “Religious People are Dumb” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM! appeared first on Answers In Reason.
    8 min
  • “Santa vs God” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM!
    Who’d win the Fight, Santa or God? One of the worst comparisons I see us atheists make is comparing God to Santa (or any other mythological character). I understand the reason comparisons like this start. Many of us atheists regard both Santa and god as myths, which is fine, but what is not fine is that is where...
    Read More ““Santa vs God” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM!” »
    The post “Santa vs God” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM! appeared first on Answers In Reason.
    8 min
  • The Null Hypothesis: How it Relates to Atheism and God – SciPhi Shortz
    Is Atheism the Null Hypothesis? It is common to hear folks claim Atheism is the null hypothesis. In this SciPhi Short we will be going over what the null hypothesis is with a few examples. We will start by covering off what a hypothesis is, moving on to the null hypothesis itself, and finishing up...
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    The post The Null Hypothesis: How it Relates to Atheism and God – SciPhi Shortz appeared first on Answers In Reason.
    5 min
  • “We Are All Born Atheist!” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM!
    Are we Really Born Atheists? We atheists have a number of things in our toolbelts, and one of those is memes.  Many of these memes are oversimplifications or just flat out wrong, so I thought I would create a series to address some of our worst memes and explain why they are so bad. Something that...
    Read More ““We Are All Born Atheist!” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM!” »
    The post “We Are All Born Atheist!” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM! appeared first on Answers In Reason.
    7 min
  • Rationality: How Can a Belief Be Rational? – SciPhi Shortz
    What does it mean to be rational? It is common to hear that all beliefs are irrational, but is that really the case? In this SciPhi Short we will be briefly examining rationality and how it relates to belief. We will be covering: – What is a Belief – What is Rationality – States of...
    Read More “Rationality: How Can a Belief Be Rational? – SciPhi Shortz” »
    The post Rationality: How Can a Belief Be Rational? – SciPhi Shortz appeared first on Answers In Reason.
    6 min
  • “Atheism is a Conclusion, Not a Belief” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM!
    Conclusively Atheist? I see a lot of memes flying about the internet. Some are great, some are funny, and others are just terrible. As an atheist, I find some of our atheistic memes absolutely awful so I thought I would start a series called “Bad Atheist Memes” or “BAM!” to go over the memes, explain...
    Read More ““Atheism is a Conclusion, Not a Belief” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM!” »
    The post “Atheism is a Conclusion, Not a Belief” – SciPhi Shortz: BAM! appeared first on Answers In Reason.
    7 min
  • Testimony and Miracles – SciPhi
    Hume’s take on Testimony and Miracles! After our chat with Bearded Heretic and his take on the problems with testimony from a psychological perspective, we return to the topic through a different lens. We shall start with Hume on miracles and his theory on testimony and see where the conversation takes us. We also have...
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    The post Testimony and Miracles – SciPhi appeared first on Answers In Reason.
    1 hr 50 min
  • Mind the Gap! – SciPhi
    What is the Gap? Tonight we return to our discussions on the philosophy of mind. We often hear that physicalism cannot account for consciousness. That there is a gap between the physical explanations and the phenomenal experience. Come join us as we explore the ‘explanatory gap’! What does it mean to explain something? What is...
    Read More “Mind the Gap! – SciPhi” »
    The post Mind the Gap! – SciPhi appeared first on Answers In Reason.
    2 hr 50 min
  • Belief – SciPhi Shortz
    What is a Belief? Belief is often a hot topic and a word that is sometimes said with some distaste by many of us atheists. This SciPhi Short hopes to clear up any misconceptions about the word belief, provide a number of definitions, and give examples of how it is used. The SciPhi Shortz Video...
    Read More “Belief – SciPhi Shortz” »
    The post Belief – SciPhi Shortz appeared first on Answers In Reason.
    8 min

About Fresh AiR

From the publisher's feed

‘Fresh AiR’ is a podcast, hosted by Joe, Martijn and Dave. It is part of Answers in Reason but hopes to bring a fresh perspective on a number of topics.