Contributor(s): Jill Rutter | The ways policy is made and the processes it goes through prior to implementation. Party election manifestos, the use of special advisors, independent inquiries, think tanks, lobbyists and other elements in the evolution and delivery of government policy.

Contributor(s): Professor Tony Travers | How taxation is determined and levied, and how public expenditure is planned and controlled. The operation of the Treasury as Britain’s ‘finance ministry’ within the context of the Parliamentary and legislative frameworks.

Contributor(s): Professor Tony Travers | How taxation is determined and levied, and how public expenditure is planned and controlled. The operation of the Treasury as Britain’s ‘finance ministry’ within the context of the Parliamentary and legislative frameworks.

Contributor(s): Professor Tony Travers | 19th century municipal development, decline of local government power and its constitutional implications. Devolution to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Contributor(s): Professor Tony Travers | 19th century municipal development, decline of local government power and its constitutional implications. Devolution to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Contributor(s): Professor George Jones | The operation of the UK Parliament today, including key officers, the Parliamentary roles of government and Opposition, the legislative process, committees and all-party special interest groups.

Contributor(s): Professor Kate Jenkins | The development of the contemporary civil service, in particular its traditions of impartiality and generalism, the structure of central government departments and the willingness of successive governments to reconfigure Whitehall.

Contributor(s): Professor Kate Jenkins | The development of the contemporary civil service, in particular its traditions of impartiality and generalism, the structure of central government departments and the willingness of successive governments to reconfigure Whitehall.

Contributor(s): Professor Kate Jenkins | Changes since 1945, in particular, including the creation of a fully-democratic franchise, the development of mass welfare, the end of Empire, the increase in the scale of the State and demands for increased transparency and accountability.

Contributor(s): Professor Kate Jenkins | Changes since 1945, in particular, including the creation of a fully-democratic franchise, the development of mass welfare, the end of Empire, the increase in the scale of the State and demands for increased transparency and accountability.