Toxoplasmosis is a condition caused by an infection with the protozoa known as toxoplasma gondi. It is estimated to affect approximately 30% of all humans. There can be vertical transmission, which occurs when a pregnant woman gets this condition and passes it on to their offspring. This can cause a condition known as congenital toxoplasms.

Tinnitus is a condition involving perceiving sounds in the absence of external auditory stimuli. A majority of people have experienced tinnitus at some point in their life. The prevalence of the condition increases with increasing age. There are two types of tinnitis. One is known as subjective and the other is called objective. We're going to talk about these two types in more detail.

This lesson is on the signs and symptoms of a vitamin b one or thiamine deficiency. Vitamin b one is a water soluble vitamin. It is required for energy metabolism, and more specifically, it's required for glucose metabolism. Some foods have higher levels of the vitamin, including chicken, pork, soybeans, nuts and brown rice.

Tachyasu's arteritis is a systemic condition involving inflammation of large vessels. It affects one to two in 1 million people and it's most common in young women. It is a granulomatous vasculitis of the aortic arch and large vessels that branch off the arch, as we mentioned before.

Swimmer's ear is also known as otitis externa. It's estimated to affect approximately 10% of individuals at some point in their life. It has the highest incidence in children aged seven to 14 years old. And it has a higher prevalence in the summer and in tropical locales.

This lesson is on the signs and symptoms of ulcerative colitis. If you want more information on diagnosing and treating it, please check out my full lesson on this topic. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects only the large intestine or the colon. Crohn's disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract.

Subconjunctival hemorrhage is an eye condition involving bleeding under the conjunctiva, causing a red eye. There are two main categories of causes. One is spontaneous and the other one is traumatic. Idiopathic causes are by far the most common cause.

An umbilical hernia is a ventral abdominal hernia located at or near the umbolicus, which is the belly button. They occur in 2% of patients and females outnumber males with this condition around three to one. Upwards of 90% of cases are acquired and some of them are congenital.

Urinary incontinence is a loss of bladder control with involuntary urination or loss of urine. One type is known as stress in cont leakage, another type is called urge incontinence. Another type is mixed incontinence which is a mixture of both stress and urge. The fourth type is overflow contestation and a fifth type is known as functional incontinence