Dr. Russell Sharp explores the critical red-to-far-red (R:FR) light ratio, how phytochrome senses these wavelengths, and how that signal shapes germination, stem elongation, flowering, and canopy architecture.

He reviews practical grower strategies—LED spectrum tuning, end-of-day far-red pulses, crop-specific recommendations (basil, lettuce, tomatoes, ornamentals, legal cannabis), and recent insights into far-red’s photosynthetic role.

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