In "The Vineyard Workers" sermon, Derek Brokke explores the parable of workers in the vineyard from Matthew 20:1-16. He challenges the interpretation of the parable focusing on salvation and suggests it challenges cultural values. The sermon provides historical context of Roman oppression and labor conditions, emphasizing fairness, compassion, gratitude, and celebration. Listeners are urged to align their values with the kingdom of heaven, prioritizing compassion over fairness, gratitude over comparison, and celebration over complaint.