Retired Lt. Gen. Charlie “Tuna” Moore, former deputy commander of U.S. Cyber Command, joins Safe Mode to break down his new paper on “dominating the digital space” and a whole-of-society strategy for defending the United States from cyber aggression. Host Greg Otto digs into why cyber deterrence often fails below the threshold of armed conflict and what a National Cyber Operations Team—integrating private-sector talent under Cyber Command oversight—could look like in practice. Plus, journalist Matt Kapko returns to unpack the messy ethics and incentives behind ransomware negotiations after new guilty pleas spotlight just how unregulated the space can be.