Tena hoki mai ano e hoa ma!

Something new today! Manner particles! I briefly speak on one use of the word Ke.

Ke in this instance highlights a difference.

Ray Harlow's A Maori Reference Grammar [pg.81] says:

"The basic sense expressed by ke is 'contrary to what is expected, instead, different.'

When used with verbs, marked with kua, it is often translated as the English 'already', though the sense

of 'instead, contrary to expectations' can still be seen."

Below are the examples he gives:

Kei konei tonu a Pererika? - Is Pererika still here?

Kao, kua haere ke. - No, he's gone already.

Ma Hemi te hui e whakarite? - Should Hemi begin the meeting with prayer?

Kao, ma Pita ke. - No, Pita should.

I also give some of my own examples:

Tunua te kai - Cook the food.

Kua tunua ketia - It's already cooked.

As always, thanks for listening! My speaking ability is still way below where I want to be, and I know I still make

many mistakes. Heoi, nau mai nga hapa, ma nga hapa ka mohio, ka tae atu ai ki te kounga o te reo.