Kia ora!

If you live abroad and need a place to hang out, I finally found a great hangout spot filled with Maori speakers here.

Discord - Reo Maori

I also have a Patreon where I hope to add some additional value. You can find me here:

https://patreon.com/amaoripodcast

This week I look at some differences and nuances of the elusive A and O categories. I also briefly touch on the use of the phrase 'Me te aha'.

https://maoridictionary.co.nz/word/4481

Nō te taenga mai o te Pākehā, ka ngaro haere taua tikanga. / From the time that the Pākehā arrived here that custom began to be lost.

https://maoridictionary.co.nz/word/4007

Nō te whiunga atu i te meke, kīhai i pā ki te ihu, ka tika tonu te ringa ki te waha, ka riro te tangata nei ki roto ki te puku o te ngārara rā (JPS 1894:17). / Instead of striking the nose his hand went straight at its mouth and he was taken into the stomach of that monster.

https://maoridictionary.co.nz/word/5090

Ka pangā te paipa ki te ahi, hei te uinga a te hākui rā ki tana paipa, kua wera kē (TP 2/1904:1). / The pipe was thrown into the fire and when the elderly lady asked for her pipe it had already been burnt.

A Maori Reference Grammar, Ray Harlow, pg 204.

Kua piki haere nga utu mo nga whakaakoranga o te whare wananga, me te aha, kua nui haere nga akonga e noho nama ana ki nga peke.

University course fees continue to rise, with the results that more and more and students are owing money to the banks.

Tena tatou! This week I look at understanding whether there is a difference between the word 'tatari' and 'whanga' because in English the nuance is lost.

I also take a better look at the word 'tare' and what it means.

Tare. [Te Wiremu pg. 390]

1. Be drawn towards, entertain affection. Ka tare te wahine ki a Tawhaki, ka whakarere i tana tane, ka noho i a Tawhaki.

2. Gasp for breath. E tare ana a Potopoto i te mamae. Tare ana taku poho.

[Te Wiremu pg. 391]

tatari.

1. v.i. Wait. Ka tatari te manuhiri nei ki te tangata o te ahi nei kia hoki mai (T. 186).

2. v.t. Expect. Ka tatari i to raua matenga ki reira (T. 176).

tāria.

1. pass. Be waited for. Ko koe e taria nei e Kohere ma.

2. int. Wait a while !

3. ad. By and by, after a time. Taria nei he mate e pa mai ki a Tu (T. 6). Nau mai, e Rupe, taria e haere (M. 323).

tāringa,

n. Circumstance, etc., of waiting.

taritari,

v.i. Wait. I konei tonu au taritari atu ai (S. 20).

[Te Wiremu pg. 487]

whanga

4. v.i. Wait, lie in wait. Ka whanga te wahine nei ki era tungane ona (T. 45).

[Te Wiremu pg. 365]

taiwhanga

2. v.t. Lurk for, wait for. Naku rawa i huri atu ki te taiwhanga ki a Te Wherowhero (M. 148). ‖ whanga.

whanga

Kīhai i roa e whanga ana ka tīmata te heru mai o te tai, tere tonu te haere mai o te wai. Kīhai i taro kua tae mai ki te wāhi i noho ai a Parapoa rātou ko ōna hoa (TWMNT 2/5/1876:104). / He was not long waiting when the tide began to rise, and the waters rushed in. It wasn't long before they reached the place where Balboa and his companions were sitting.

Kia ora! This week I cover this subtle nuance in Maori, because we dont actually have an exact one to one way that this is expressed in te reo.

Also, I really enjoyed the whakatauki I came across this week - Turuki whakataha!

First Lessons in Maori pg 49-50,

He tangata kua whati nei tona waewae - A man whose leg is broken.

Te wahine i kahakina ra te tamaiti - the woman whose child was carried off.

Te iwi nona te whenua - the people whose the land is.

Te tangata i hoatu nei e ahau ki a ia te pukapuka - the man to whom I gave the book.

Te tangata he patu tahana - whoever has a weapon (the man who has a weapon.)

Nga tangata e matau ana ki te whakairo rakau - whosoever knows how to carve wood (the men that know how to carve wood.)

Kia ora tatou!

This week I thought I'd try share my thoughts on time and how we can express it in Maori (There's loads of ways - I barely scratched the surface)

Heoi ano, here are the references I gathered.

ka ___ ana

Karetu 1974:138 - Ka aha nga tangata ka puta ana nga whakaatu, he awha, he tupuhi ranei, kei te haere mai?

taha/hipa/pahure/

Te Ngata pg 490 - Ka taha te rua haora i roto i te wera, ka momoe te tangata.

Te Aka - Ko te āhua tēnei o Haina i roto i ēnei mano tau kua pahure nei (TP 6/1913:5).

This is the nature of China in the past thousands of years.

Te Aka - Nā tēnei hui i kite ai au nei i ōku hoa tawhito o roto i ngā tau e 30 ka hipa nei (TKO 30/6/1920:5).

It was because of this gathering that I saw my old friends from the past 30 years.

i Mea e ___ ana

Te Aka - I a ia e moe ana, ka hoki tana whaiāipo ki tōna kāinga.

While she was asleep, her boyfriend returned to his home.

Orua

Te Aka - Orua tonu taku kitenga i a Paratene me tō pukapuka ki a au (W 1971:242).

My seeing Paratene coincided with your letter to me.

i te wa i ___ ai.

Ko Nga Mahi A Nga Tupuna pg 134. - ...i te wa hoki i haere ai a Hotunui ki waho.

...at the same time Hotunui went out.

Inamata

Te Aka -

Ka kitea anō ki ētahi wāhi o Ingarangi ināianei ētahi wāhi toenga anō o aua rori i hangā rā inamata (TWMNT 14/5/1873:47).

Remnants of those roads built in ancient times can still be seen in some parts of England.

No & Inamata

Te Aka https://maoridictionary.co.nz/word/1720

Nō te ekenga a ngā hōia ki reira, ka whiua atu e tētahi he mōunga ahi ki roto ki taua whare, inamata! Ka pongere, ka mura (TWT 1/9/1858:13).

When the soldiers stormed that place, one tossed a burning stick into the house and immediately it was engulfed in flames.

Rite tonu / Riterite tonu.

Te Aka - Riterite tonu tana tae ake me tana whānau ki ngā rā karakia o ia marama o te Hāhi Ringatū ka tū nei ki Tākipū marae (TTR 2000:190). / With her family she regularly attended Ringatū services held monthly at Tākipū marae.

___ ai

Te Aka - He tika titiro ai ngā tūpuna ki ngā pō tika hei rerenga mō te kūmara, hei ngā pō kore ua nō te mea ki te rokohanga te kōpura kūmara e te ua ka mate (TKO 11/1920:4).

Additional info

ia wa, ia wa.

Me utu ngā mema o te poari (ngā Pākehā me ngā Māori) ki ngā utu tau me ērā atu utu hoki e whakaaetia e te pāremete i ia wā, i ia wā (TJ 12/4/1898:1).

Ma te wa.

Te Aka -

Mā te wā e whakakite ngā hua o āu mahi nunui (TTT 1/6/1930:2070). / Time will reveal the fruits of your many deeds.

i muri mai.

Te Aka -

Kotahi wiki i muri mai ka mau tētahi arikeita, nō te tuakanga i te puku ka kitea ngā kahu o taua Pākehā i roto (TP 4/1904:8). / One week later an alligator was captured, and on opening up its stomach, the clothes of that Pākehā were found inside.

A muri.

Te Aka -

Ā muri ake nei au āta whakataki ai i ngā mahi whakatipu hipi a Ngāti Porou i rongo nui ai tēnei iwi, engari he kupu ruarua nei āku mō tēnei mea, mō te ahuwhenua (TTT 1/10/1930:2159). / Later I will speak in detail about sheep farming in Ngāti Porou, which this tribe is well-known for, but I have a few words now about agriculture.

i mua tata atu.

Te Aka -

I te tau 1886, e ai tā te kōrero, i mua tata atu o te pakarutanga o Tarawera, ka kitea he waka taua e hoe ana i roto o Tarawera Moana, e hautū ana ngā kaihautū, e ngū ana ngā kaihoe (TP 1/1/1901:7). / According to accounts, in 1886, just before the Tarawera eruption, a war canoe was seen paddling on Lake Tarawera. The leaders were calling the timing and the paddlers were silent.

watea.

Te Aka -

Haere ai te mano ki Takapuna āhuareka ai, tākarokaro ai, i ngā wa e wātea ana i te mahi. Whiti ai ki ngā tima i ngā hāora katoa, i te ata, ahiahi noa, kākarauri noa, pōuri noa (KO 14/6/1884:3). / Thousands go to Takapuna for entertainment and recreation when they are free from work. The ferries cross all the time, in the morning, afternoon, at dusk and when it's dark.

whai wahi.

Te Aka -

Āpiti atu ki tēnei e kore rawa e whai wāhi ki te kura i a ia anō, te tukunga iho ka heke haere tōna pai mō te mahi minita (TKO 30/4/1920:11). / Added to this is that he will never be able to educate himself, with the result that his value as a clergyman will diminish.

Kia ora tatou! This week I source from the Ngata Dictionary to get a better understanding of 'For'. I too continue making the mistake of using 'Mo' everywhere. Hopefully this episode is helpful.

Ngata Dictionary pg. 180

for hai Fetch some apples for our lunch. Tīkina he āporo hai tina ma tātau.

for mo We left for Gisborne. Ka wehe atu mātau mo Tūranga.

for mo These fishhooks are for catching snapper. mo te hopu tamure ēnei matau.

for mo The child was very forward for her age. He tino mātau te kōhine mo tōna pakeke.

for mo Get ready for the concert. Me takatū mo te konohete.

for mo We walked for a long time. Ka haere mātau mo tētahi wā roa.

for mo He gave me a new book for the old one. Ka hōmai e ia he pukapuka hou mo te mea tahito.

for i To seek for happiness. Ki te rapa i te hari.

for me Let's go for a walk. me haere tātau ki te hīkoi.

for mo They were punished for speaking Maori. I whiua rātau mo te kōrero Maori.

for mo Are you for us, or against us. mo mātau koe, kaore rānei.

for kua She swam to the island for there were no canoes. I kauhoe a ia ki te motu kua kore kē hoki he waka.

for utu She gave me five dollars for finding her purse. Nāna ahau i utu i te rima tāra mo te kitenga i tana pāhi moni.

for mo That's for upsetting your little brother. He utu tērā mo te whakatangi i to taina.

not for long kaore i roa The child cried, but not for long. Ka tangi te tamaiti, engari kaore i roa.

Tena tatou! This week we look at the kupu 'no'. Hopefully it makes sense, and it can be of assistance to you all in growing your reo maori understanding.

Below are the resources I cite.

Nō te taenga mai o te Pākehā, ka ngaro haere taua tikanga. (Te Pihinga Textbook (Ed. 2): 123-124; Te Māhuri Textbook (Ed. 2): 178-179;)

Nō te katanga a tīwaiwaka i a Māui-tikitiki-a-Taranga i kūtia ai e Hine-nui-te-pō, ā, mate ana - Te Wiremu pg. 222

No te ahiahi ano ka haere a Whakatau. - Te Wiremu pg. 222.

He haerenga tahitanga no te tahae ki waho i te po, i te wa hoki i haere ai a Hotunui ki waho - Nga Mahi A Nga Tupuna pg. 134

No te ohonga ake o Mita raua ko Miha Tuhiri, i te Turei kapuapua, e timata nei ta tatou pakiwaitara. - Hare Pota me te Whatu Manapou. pg.10

Below is the breakdown of the kupu 'No' from He Patakakupu

E tohu ana i te wā i mahia ai tētahi mahi, i pā ai rānei tētahi āhuatanga. Nō te 5 karaka i mutu ai te hui. Nō te rua tau rawa i muri mai ka houhia te rongo. Nō te taenga mai ki Aotearoa nei, ka moemoe i ngā wāhine o ngā iwi i konei. (HP 10) Ā, nō ka whakatata mai ki te kuia raka, ka whakataukī atu te rūruhi rā ki a Te Huhuti. (Wh 3, 2)

E tohu ana i te hanga ko ia te pūtakenga o tētahi āhuatanga i pā, kua pā rānei. Nō te katanga a tīwaiwaka i a Māui-tikitiki-a-Taranga i kūtia ai e Hinenuitepō, ā mate ana.. (W 222) Nō te ua nui o ngā whenua i te taha ki te tonga, arā, i Nūpia, i waipuke ai te Naire. (Ha 3, 3) He roa hoki nō te ua i tāpokopoko ai. (Ha 1, 11) Kua wheke a Tame, he katakata nō tana hoa ki a ia.

Kia ora ra e te iwi!

This week I look at 'Hei' and 'He'.

It's taken me a few years to begin grasping the nuances, so I thought I was speak on it today, hopefully solidifying my own understanding. Also hopefully, what I say is coherrent and makes sense haha.

Anyways as always, here are my citations from Te Wiremu, though the english is my interpretation of the maori provided by Te Wiremu.

Hei: [H.W. WIlliams, A Dictionary of the Maori Language, pg.44]

Indictating future place and time.

1. Hei te po taua hoe ai. - At night we shall ride (our waka).

2. Hei konei na, he pa mo tatou. - Here at that place shall a pa be established for us.

Indicating purpose and/or intention.

1. Kei te rou kakahi hei o ki te taiapu. - Let us go musseling so we have some takeaway food for the raid.

2. Ko wai tou tangata hei tangi i a koe, hei ngaki hoki i tou mate? - Who shall be the one that mourns for you, that goes all in for you when you die?

indicating a future imperative

1. Tikina he toki; hei te mea nui. - Fetch an axe; get a big one.

2. Kaua hei tutu; whakatupu tangata. - Don't be a tutu; grow up and be someone we can be proud of.

3. Kua katohia he putiputi hei hari atu ki te urupa. (This example came from He Pataka Kupu) - Cut some flowers so we can bring it to the urupa.

He: [H.W. WIlliams, A Dictionary of the Maori Language, pg.43]

An indefinite article, both singular and plural.

1. He matau ano ra tahaku. - A fish hook is indeed in my possession.

2. He tangata roroa enei tangata. - Some tall people these people are.

3. Nga kai o tera maunga, he kiwi, he weka, he kiore, he kuku, he tui. - The foodsources of that mountain include kiwi, weka, kiore, kuku, and tui.

4. Homai he wai moku. - Fetch some water for me.

Kia ora ano!

This week I cover something I have always struggled with. Even while prepping for this episode I found it difficult to understand the nuances of prepositions. Basically understanding the differences between 'Ki runga i', Ki runga ki', and all the various forms. Hopefully what I have to say would've been somewhat helpful to you. I source from Ngapuhi author Hare Hongi (Henry Matthew Stowell), and his book, Stowell, H. M. Maori-English Tutor and Vade Mecum. Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs, 1911.

[pg. 15]

ON THE PREPOSITIONS.

RUNGA, up, upon, the top :

Ki runga ki te puke, up on to the hill.

Ko runga ko te puke, to be upon the hill.

Kei runga kei te puke, is upon the hill.

Hei runga hei te puke, for to be upon the hill.

I runga i te puke, was upon the hill.

To runga i te puke, that of the hill-top.

runga o te puke, those of the hill-top.

No runga no te puke, from upon the hill.

Mo runga mo te puke, for upon the hill.

Ko runga o te puke, the top of the hill is.

Te Wiremu First Lessons also speaks briefly on it. (First Lessons in the Maori Language, with a Short Vocabulary. W.L. Williams)

[pg 51.]

Series 1.

Ki runga ki, }

I runga i, } upon, on the top of.

Kei runga kei, }

Hei runga hei, }

No runga no, from upon, i. e. belonging to the top of.

I runga i, from upon, with special idea of motion from.

Mo runga mo, for the top of.

Ma runga ma, over, by the top of (direction)

Ko runga ko, to the top of.

Series 2.

Ki runga i, }

I runga i, } above, over.

Kei runga i, }

Hei runga i, }

No runga i, from above, i. e. belonging to that situation.

I runga i, from above, implying motion from.

Mo runga i, for above, i. e. to be above.

Ma runga i, by above, over, (of direction).

Ko runga i, to above, over.

Here are the questions I put together. Square brackets are what is given by Hare Hongi.

Question: Kei te aha koe?

Answer: Kei te haere [ki runga, ki te puke.]

Question: Ko whea atu koe?

Answer: [ko runga, ko te puke.]

Question: Hei te taone koe?

Answer: Kahore, [hei runga, hei te puke.]

Question: I whea koe?

Answer: [i runga, i te puke.]

Question: He aha tera?

Answer: [To runga o te puke]? He pa.

Question: He aha era?

Answer: [O runga o te puke]? He patupaiarehe.

Question: No whea mai aua rakau?

Answer: [No runga, no te puke.]

Question: He aha e kawe na koe he wai?

Answer: [Mo runga, mo te puke.]

Question: Ko whea te wahi ra?

Answer: [Ko runga o te puke]? Ko Puketiketike.

Question: Hei ahatia tenei te wai nei?

Answer: Hei whakamakuku [a runga o te puke].

Question: Ma whea atu taua?

Answer: [Ma runga, ma te puke.]

Kia ora! I feel like this was a successful week. I used A.I for the first time to help me in my reo maori studies.

I wanted to focus on learning as many words as possible relating to Find, Seek, and Search. I loaded the Te Wiremu Papakupu into Notebooklm (Google)

and it was able to produce the below for me. The page numbers were me double checking my hardbook copy to ensure these were correct entries in Te Wiremu.

anything with @ are just my own personal notes and thoughts on each word.

[A Dictionary of the Maori Language, H.W.Williams, 1957]

Kimi (ii), v.t. [pg.118]

Seek, look for. Kua ngaro ia; kimi kau te wahine ra (T. 96).

@ idea of on the lookout. Search with eyes.

Whai. [pg. 484]

"Kua riro ki uta ki te whai kai" (He has gone ashore to look for food)".

@ idea of aquisition.

Haha. [pg. 30]

"Kei te haha te tuakana o te wahine nei" (The woman's elder brother is seeking)

"E haha ana au ki taku toki" (I am looking for my axe).

@ idea of rumaging.

Hahu: [pg. 30]

Defined as "Search for". An example is "A hahu noa ana ia i tetahi kai ma tona puku" (And he searched for food for his belly).

@ similar to Haha. the idea of rumaging. Seekout with hands.

Hāhau: [pg. 38]

Another term for "Seek". For instance, "Hei aha ma korua i hāhauria ai tena wahine?" (Why did you two seek that woman?).

@ idea of grabbing.

Arataki: [pg. 14]

One of its meanings is "Seek". An example: "Haere ki te arataki i to tuahine" (Go and seek your sister).

@ idea of retracing steps. Deducing one's activities.

• Kaiarohi: [pg. 86]

Means "Look for". For example, "E kaiarohi ana i au ki te whare" (He is looking for me at the house)

@ perhaps the idea of noseying about.

Mohaha: [pg. 205]

Can mean "Seek".

@ similar idea to haha.

Pohau: [pg. 287]

Means "Seek". An example: "Kei te pohau a Paku i a koe" (Paku is seeking you).

@ unsure, perhaps related to hahau.

Rangahau: [pg. 323]

Means "Seek, search out, pursue". An example is "Kaore koa ko au e kimi ana, e rangahau ana i nga pari ra, i nga piringa hakoakoa" (I am indeed searching, exploring the cliffs, the hiding places of the albatross).

@ idea of set on. Due diligences are taken.

Rapa (iii): [pg. 325]

Means "Seek, look for". Example: "E tama i kimihia, e tama i rapaa, i rapaa taua ki roto te Kore-te-whiwhia" (O child sought, O child looked for, we were looked for in the place of not obtaining).

@ idea of outstreched hands.

Rapu (i): [pg. 326]

Means "Seek, look for". It's used in "Kei te rapu hoa te maia ra mona" (The brave one is looking for a friend for himself).

@ similar to rapa. Seek with ones hands.

Tena koutou!

So this episode I briefly chat on where I am at in my learning journey and some of the struggles I experience. I try to answer my own question of how to keep moving in my journey towards the reo.

Our topic of discussion are some weird sentences I came across, which I find super interesting. I cite Fumiko S. Yamada's dissertation:

Maori as a phrase based language, 2014. Hawai'i, University of Hawai'i at Manoa. pg. 161-

They cite, Boyce, Mary. 2006. A corpus of modern spoken Māori. Wellington: Victoria University of

Wellington dissertation.

(5.74) I mua o te whaka.tuwhera.tanga.hia o te marae nei nā…

at before POSS DET cause.open.NMLZ.PASS POSS DET marae here there

‘Before the opening of these marae…’

There are cases of -Canga attached to -Cia:

(5.75) …i mua o te kati.a.tanga o ngā hōhipera puta noa

at before POSS DET shut.PASS.NMLZ POSS DET.PL hospital throughout

‘…before the hospital’s being shut