This episode busts the widespread myth that cracking your knuckles causes arthritis. Despite the alarming popping sound, science shows that knuckle cracking is caused by gas bubbles collapsing in joint fluid, not by bones grinding or joint damage.

Research, including a 60-year self-experiment by Dr. Donald Unger, found no link between knuckle cracking and arthritis. Medical institutions like the Arthritis Foundation and Johns Hopkins agree: the habit may be noisy or annoying, but it’s not harmful to your joints.

The myth persists because the sound seems damaging and arthritis is common, making it easy to falsely associate the two. While excessive or forceful cracking could cause minor swelling or reduced grip strength, it won’t cause arthritis.

In short, the myth is all noise — no damage.

This episode debunks one of the most popular myths in pop culture: the belief that the Great Wall of China is the only man-made object visible from space. We explore how this misconception began—dating back to the 18th century—and how it spread through textbooks, media, and romanticized storytelling. In reality, astronauts and NASA confirm that the Great Wall is not visible to the naked eye from space due to its narrow width and color blending with the natural landscape. Instead, city lights, airports, and large dams are more easily visible from orbit. The episode highlights the importance of verifying information and being cautious of “facts” that sound impressive but are actually false.

The popular belief that Albert Einstein failed math in school is a myth. In reality, Einstein was exceptionally gifted in mathematics from a young age—mastering algebra, geometry, and even calculus before the age of 15.

The myth likely originated from a 1935 Ripley’s Believe It or Not! article, combined with mistranslations of grading systems. In Switzerland, the highest grade was a “6,” but when Einstein received this score, it was misread as a failing mark due to confusion with the German system.

Einstein did struggle with rigid schooling and rote memorization, which led some to label him a poor student. However, in math and physics, he was consistently ahead of his peers.

This myth persists because it's comforting and inspirational—a reminder that even geniuses can struggle. But in truth, Einstein never failed math. He was, and remains, one of the greatest scientific minds in history.

Napoleon Bonaparte is famously remembered as a short man with a big ego, but historical records show he was actually around 5'6" to 5'7"—average height for a Frenchman in his time. The belief that he was unusually short came from a combination of measurement confusion (French vs. British units) and British wartime propaganda.

British cartoonists exaggerated his height to mock and undermine him during France’s conflicts with Britain, creating a lasting public image of Napoleon as a “tiny tyrant.” This stereotype stuck, eventually evolving into the term “Napoleon complex.”

The episode reveals how propaganda, repetition, and powerful imagery can distort historical truth, reminding us to question what we’ve long believed—especially when it sounds like the perfect story.

In reality, Napoleon’s small stature was just a big myth.

Many people believe that goldfish have a 3-second memory, but science has proven this to be completely false. Studies show that goldfish can remember things for months or even years, recognize their owners, learn to navigate mazes, and associate sounds or colors with feeding times.

The myth likely originated from misconceptions about fish behavior, as goldfish swimming in small tanks may appear to repeat their actions mindlessly. Over time, the idea spread through media, cartoons, and popular culture, reinforcing the false belief that goldfish are unintelligent.

In reality, goldfish have demonstrated learning abilities, problem-solving skills, and long-term memory, proving that they are far smarter than we once thought. This episode highlights how easy it is for misinformation to become widely accepted and reminds us to always question what we believe to be true.