In the Loop with Nadja Wlasiuk

In today's episode, we're diving into the world of adult congenital heart disease, or ACHD, a field that's growing as more and more children with congenital heart defects are surviving and thriving into adulthood. But living with a heart that was structurally different from birth brings lifelong considerations. And not all adult cardiology teams are equipped to manage these unique patients.

To help us understand this specialized area of care, I'm joined by Karina Manayan, nurse practitioner with the Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program at UCSF Health. Karina works at the intersection of two worlds, guiding patients as they transition from pediatric cardiology into adult specialty care and helping them navigate everything from pregnancy to pacemakers with compassion and clinical precision. We'll talk about how congenital heart disease differs from acquired heart disease, what adult congenital patients need that's often overlooked, and why building lifelong care models matter, not just for survival, but for quality of life.

Karina Manayan, MSN, APRN, FNP-BC: https://www.ucsfhealth.org/providers/karina-berge

UCSF Health Adult Congenital Heart Disease Clinic: https://www.ucsfhealth.org/clinics/adult-congenital-heart-disease-clinic

2:07: San Diego State University School of Nursing: https://nursing.sdsu.edu/

2:21: UCLA School of Nursing: https://nursing.ucla.edu/

3:52: Dr. Mohan Reddy: https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/providers/v-mohan-reddy

8:47: Adult Congenital Heart Disease or ACHD

9:03: Congenital heart defects:

10:26: Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Teach Me Surgery

Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Cleveland Clinic

11:05: Stanford ACHD Clinic

UC Davis ACHD Clinic

11:24: Atrial Septal Defect:

CDC

American Heart Association

11:25: Single ventricle: American Heart Association

11:40: Tetralogy of Fallot: American Heart Association

11:57: Ventricular Septal Defect: American Heart Association

CDC

13:17: Coarctation of the Aorta

13:36: Partial Anomolous Venous Retrun

14:14: Patent Forame Ovale

16:51: Fontan

27:57: Pregnancy in women with ACHD-Adult Congenital Heart Association

Pregnancy in ACHD-CardioNerds

32:54 Exercise

Adult Congenital Heart Association

American College of Cardiology

37:08: Dr. Anushree Agarwal

37:39: 3D Printing in CHD

39:21: Adult Congenital Heart Association https://www.achaheart.org/

39:51: Empower My Congenital Heart

40:51: Johns Hopkins pted.org

44:16: Ebstein Anomaly

44:20: Transposition of the Great Arteries

Produced by: Nadja Wlasiuk, DNP, APRN, FNP-BC

Imagine you're caring for a patient who’s been short of breath for months. Their echocardiogram shows right heart strain, but they’re young, with no obvious cardiac disease. You’re thinking: What am I missing?

In today’s episode, we’re taking a closer look at pulmonary hypertension—a condition that’s often misdiagnosed or missed entirely until it’s advanced. It can mimic more common conditions like asthma or heart failure, but its management requires a very specific and nuanced approach.

To guide us through it, I’m joined by Emily Fedewa, nurse practitioner with the Pulmonary Hypertension Program at UCSF Health. Emily is part of a multidisciplinary team that cares for some of the most complex pulmonary hypertension patients on the West Coast. Together, we’ll explore pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and current therapeutic options—including emerging treatments and the critical role of nurse practitioners in chronic disease management.

If you’ve ever felt stumped by unexplained dyspnea or struggled to understand how pulmonary hypertension differs from other cardiopulmonary conditions, this one’s for you.

Whether you’re in cardiology, pulmonary medicine, or primary care, this episode will give you practical insights into one of medicine’s more challenging diagnoses.

Emily Fedewa, MSN, APRN, FNP-BC: UCSF Health Profile

2:14-Levels of Nursing and Education Video

Levels of Nursing Practice

2:40-Interventional Cardiology at UCSF Health

2:43- CCU or Cardiac Care Unit

6:17-Assessing fluid volume status: euvolemia/hypervolemia/hypovolemia

7:10-Medicare Telehealth

Telehealth includes medical or health services that you get from your health care provider who's located somewhere else (in the U.S.) using audio and video communications technology (or audio-only services in some cases), like through your phone or a computer. Telehealth can provide many services that generally occur in-person, including office visits, psychotherapy, consultations, and certain other medical or health services.

Through September 30, 2025, you can get telehealth services at any location in the U.S., including your home. Starting October 1, 2025, you must be in an office or medical facility located in a rural area (in the U.S.) for most telehealth services. If you aren't in a rural health care setting, you can still get certain Medicare telehealth services on or after October 1, including:

* Monthly End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) visits for home dialysis

* Services for diagnosis, evaluation, or treatment of symptoms of an acute stroke wherever you are, including in a mobile stroke unit

* Services for the diagnosis, evaluation, or treatment of a mental and/or behavioral health disorder (including a substance use disorder) in your home

From https://www.medicare.gov/coverage/telehealth

https://telehealth.hhs.gov/providers/telehealth-policy/telehealth-policy-updates

8:24-

8:47- Pulmonary Hypertension at UCSF Health

9:00-Circulation

9:50-Cardiac Afterload

9:24-Right ventricle

9:49-WHO groups

https://phassociation.org/types-pulmonary-hypertension-groups/

10:25-Portal hypertension

10:40- HFpEF

Types of Heart Failure

11:16- CTEPH

11:44- Sarcoidosis

11:48-Sickle Cell Disease

13:27- Risk Factors

13:40- Scleroderma

13:59- Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)

14:17- PHTN symptoms

15:40-Heart Failure symptoms

19:30- Right heart catheterization (RHC)

19:58- Wedge pressure

2016- Output

2027- Etiology- the cause

20:31- Pre and post capillary

22:50-Coronary Artery Disease

23:12-Left heart catheterization (LHC)

23:59- Treatment

41:13- Lifestyle factors

46:52- Pulmonary Hypertension Association

47:49-

49:45- Safety, Feasibility, and Utility of Digital Mobile Six-Minute Walk Testing in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: The DynAMITE Study.

Produced by Nadja Wlasiuk, NP

In today's episode, I wanted to do things a little bit differently. I've asked my friend and colleague, Joan, to interview me. I wanted to give you an opportunity to learn more about my story, the experiences that shaped my career, and my passion for making healthcare knowledge more approachable. If you'd like to get to know me better, this episode is a great start. You can also check out the show notes from today's episode on Substack, my UCSF health profile, or my Instagram and TikTok.

I feel that I've lived several lives already, and I'm only in my mid-40s. I've been and am a mom to four now grown-up kids, a barista, a manager at a pizza restaurant.

But my healthcare career started when I was curious about a mother's experience and my own experience around childbirth. I became a doula, a certified childbirth educator, and a birth assistant for licensed midwives.

I was accepted into the nursing program at the University of North Florida and worked at St. Vincent's Riverside as a medical surgical nurse.

I went straight into graduate school at the University of Florida and exited with my master's degree and my certification as a primary care pediatric nurse practitioner.

I was faculty at the University of North Florida in the School of Nursing, and I also worked with the Tony Boselli Foundation's Healthy Schools Program and as a nursing supervisor at both St. Vincent's Riverside and Baptist Beaches Hospitals.

I then went on to earn my doctorate in nursing practice at the University of North Florida and my certification as a family nurse practitioner. I was then an inpatient cardiology and electrophysiology nurse practitioner at St. Vincent's Riverside before I accepted a position as both an inpatient and outpatient electrophysiology nurse practitioner at Marin Health, which was the impetus for moving from coast to coast to the San Francisco Bay Area.

I then was offered a position at UCSF Health as an outpatient electrophysiology nurse practitioner in the summer of 2022.

If you have any questions about my path, or if I can help you on your journey, or you have any ideas for upcoming episodes, please leave a comment on any of my social media platforms or Substack.

I hope you enjoy today's episode and getting to know me and it helps you see why I feel strongly about access to care and understandable healthcare information for everyone.

Follow along with show notes below-Links in italics for easy identification.

Please share this episode, rate the podcast, and/or leave a comment!

Dr. Nadja Wlasiuk: https://www.ucsfhealth.org/providers/nadine-wlasiuk

5:18: My баба or Бабуся Lidya Litwinko Wlasiuk (The most incredible human being I’ve ever known) pictured here on her 91st birthday.

6:08: Hypertensive Crisis Khan Academy Video

7:32: My mentor that says “Dude!” The one and only Dr. Julie Baker-Townsend.

7:50: My first Electrophysiology team at Ascension St. Vincent’s Riverside in Jacksonville, FL

8:07: Dr. Tony Magnano (or T$)

8:36: Atrial fibrillation

8:38: Warfarin: from rat poison to clinical use

8:53: Pacemaker

12:25:

12:48: Dr. William Ahrens

13:02: University of North Florida School of Nursing

Faculty that makes a difference:

Dr. Li Loriz

Dr. Kathy Bloom

Dr. Bill Ahrens

Dr. Cindy Cummings

Dr. Julie Baker-Townsend

Dr. Judy Comeaux

Dr. Doreen Radjenovic

Dr. Jan Meires

Dr. Cathy Hough

15:29: Anu

21:09: Why yes, that is me as Bilbo Baggins

21:42: Afib ablation

26:50: Take an ECG with your AppleWatch

27:18: Dr. Marco Perez

29:06:

Hosted by: Joan Byrnes, RN

Produced by: Nadja Wlasiuk, DNP, APRN

Always looking for great team mates or a producer that knows more than I do!

The motivation behind today’s episode comes from frequent interactions with patients asking for advice on weight loss, nutrition, and fitness. All three of these are really important modifiable lifestyle factors that I speak to every day, but don’t have the bandwidth to address in depth during a brief 30 minute follow up. I personally feel that as healthcare providers, many, if not most of us, are poorly prepared to counsel patients on anything but society guidelines- which are great, like the American Heart association recommendation of 150 minutes (2.5 hours of moderate aerobic exercise).

But how does one do this?

I could be quoted saying that I recommend a “heart healthy diet” but what does that mean and how do we get there? This information isn’t tailored to the individual and it’s not focused on consistency and longevity in behavioral change

I’m joined by Alicia Heilner fitness coach and the founder of the Fit Breakthrough. Alicia hails from sunny Southern California and leads her team of two other coaches (Coach Evelyn and Coach Laura) who provide 1:1 coaching to women (and some men), effecting change in body composition, mindset, and their lives. Me included!. I had the pleasure of meeting Alicia after my cousin Jennie worked for 3 months with the Fit Breakthrough and had incredible results. As you’ll hear in this episode, being a healthcare provider, I knew what I needed to do but could never see the results I was so desperately trying to obtain. Coach Evelyn simplified my fitness journey, and I obtained results I could not only see but feel after working with Alicia and Coach Evelyn. Alicia and I discuss why a strength and nutrition coach can be helpful and how to look for a team that can help you with your individual goals..

Website: https://www.thefitbreakthrough.com/

Instagram and Facebook

If you decide to work with the Fit Breakthrough, please let Alicia know you heard her on this podcast!

Show Notes

6:10- From the American Heart Association Recommendations for Physical Activity in Adults and Kids and Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion

* Get at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes per week of vigorous aerobic activity, or a combination of both, preferably spread throughout the week.

* Add moderate- to high-intensity muscle-strengthening activity (such as resistance or weights) on at least 2 days per week.

* Spend less time sitting. Even light-intensity activity can offset some of the risks of being sedentary.

* Gain even more benefits by being active at least 300 minutes (5 hours) per week.

* Increase amount and intensity gradually over time.

7:23- GLP-1 (glucagon like peptide) class of medications with the suffix -tide includes Ozempic, Mounjaro, Wegovy and Zepbound.

Articles discussing discontinuation of GLP-1 medications and weight gain, etc:

The Data Are Clear: Patients Regain Weight After Stopping GLP-1 Drugs

Most People Stop Ozempic after Two Years. What Happens to Weight and Health?

Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: The STEP 1 trial extension

A Comprehensive Review on Weight Gain following Discontinuation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Obesity

16:20- The Psychology of Consistency in Fitness and Nutrition

22:00- Reverse Dieting: What You Need To Know

22:52- Mayo Clinic Minute: Why yo-yo dieting might be bad for your heart

24:00- Maintenance Phase

Know Your Macros—Why Macronutrients Are Key to Healthy Eating

26:00- Dietary Fats

36:58- Three Months of Strength Training Changes the Gene Expression of Inflammation-Related Genes in PBMC of Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Strength training may be the key to longevity. How to do it safely as you age

37:58- Can resistance training improve mental health outcomes in older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

38:18- Effects of aerobic, resistance, and high-intensity interval training on thermogenic gene expression in white adipose tissue in high fat diet induced obese mice

51:16- Gym Ramble on Spotify and Apple Podcasts

52:30- My daughter Nineveh and me

Produced by Andrew Couch

Music by Andrew Couch

In today’s episode I have the honor of sharing the microphone with one of the founders (or godfathers if you will) of cardiac electrophysiology, Dr. Melvin Scheinman.

Dr. Scheinman is originally from the northeast- growing up in Brooklyn New York. He was awarded a scholarship to Johns Hopkins University where he graduated first in his class. He attended medical school at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. His residency was completed at the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill and his cardiology fellowship at UCSF.

He is probably most well known for being the first to ever perform a catheter ablation in 1981 at UCSF. He was also the director of the Cardiac Arrhythmia Genomics Clinic at UCSF. References to his many incredible accomplishments and awards will be available below.

It was an honor to work with Dr. Scheinman during his last year in clinical practice at UCSF Health. He is truly one of a kind and he is held in the highest regard by his patients and colleagues. The intent of this interview was to share with others some of the beautiful heart (pun intended) that he has for patient care.

I want his patients to know they were genuinely cared for, his colleagues to know the value they brought to him, and everyone else that there are in fact brilliant clinicians with the kindest hearts hoping to make a difference. Dr. Scheinman continues to make a difference. I know that my practice and my care for patients will always carry a piece of his influence. May we all be more like Dr. Scheinman.

Follow along with show notes below-Links in italics for easy identification.

Dr. Melvin Scheinman: https://www.ucsfhealth.org/providers/dr-melvin-scheinman

12:31 Louis Welt: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2595171/pdf/yjbm00150-0007.pdf

https://www.nytimes.com/1974/01/15/archives/louis-g-welt-60-of-yale-medical-kidney-disease-researcher-and.html

13:22 Peritoneal dialysis https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/peritoneal-dialysis/about/pac-20384725

14:00 Yeshiva https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/4407857/jewish/What-Is-a-Yeshiva.htm

25:54 Hypertensive crisis: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/expert-answers/hypertensive-crisis/faq-20058491

Blood pressure parameters: https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/high-blood-pressure/understanding-blood-pressure-readings

25:57 Pacemaker: https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/pacemaker

30:38 Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2795521

31:16 American Heart Association (AHA) article about statin intolerance: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013189#:~:text=As%20the%20name%20suggests%2C%20statin,sufficiently%20abnormal%20to%20cause%20concern.

32:15 Direct Oral Anticoagulant (DOAC) (Eliquis/Xarelto/Pradaxa)

34:12 Atrial fibrillation https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/atrial-fibrillation

A lecture by Dr. Greg Marcus from UCSF on atrial fibrillation for the interested layperson with mention of Dr. Scheinman:

34:51 Palliative care: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/22850-palliative-care

35:13 Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome or WPW https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome

36:02 The First ablation:

https://www.heartrhythmjournal.com/article/S1547-5271(24)00230-3/pdf

https://ucsfhealthcardiology.ucsf.edu/history-af-ablation

https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.027956

38:15 Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/catheter-ablation

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17401-pulmonary-vein-isolation-ablation

39:41 SFGATE article on Booker Pullen https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/johnson/article/Tribute-to-cardiac-pioneer-2756296.php

40:44 Heart failure: https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/heart-failure

41:11 UCSF cardiovascular genetics program: https://www.ucsfhealth.org/clinics/cardiovascular-genetics-program

41:28 Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC): https://ucsfhealthcardiology.ucsf.edu/patient-care/clinical-services/electrophysiology-and-arrhythmias/patients/arrhythmogenic-right

https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/a/arrhythmogenic-right-ventricular-dysplasia.html

42:00 Vasanth Vedantham: https://www.ucsfhealth.org/providers/dr-vasanth-vedantham

44:29 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM or HOCM): https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cardiomyopathy/what-is-cardiomyopathy-in-adults/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy

45:02 Long QT https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/long-qt-syndrome

Implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD): https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/implantable-cardioverter-defibrillator

Music: Andrew Couch

Edited and Produced by: Andrew Couch and Nadja Wlasiuk

In today’s episode I’m joined by my friend Carlo Piscitello to discuss the AppleWatch and atrial fibrillation. Carlo is a process engineer and athlete who was in his normal state of health with no past cardiac history when he was notified by his AppleWatch that he was in atrial fibrillation.

As you know, I am an electrophysiology nurse practitioner. I specialize in cardiac arrhythmia. In my clinical practice I encourage my patients to wear FDA approved ECG capable smart watches for at least 12 hours a day, making sure it is comfortably snug on the wrist, and attenpt to maximize the battery life to avoid lapse in wearability. Smart watches help guide my clinical decisions, make medication adjustments, and expedite care without the patient having to come in or make a follow up appointment that could take months to get in with a provider.

Please note that all links are italicized for easy identification.

Visit Carlo’s podcast here: Fran and Carlo get OCR adjacent

How to take an ECG with the AppleWatch: https://support.apple.com/en-us/120278

In a clinical study using a 12-lead ECG as a reference device, the ECG app demonstrated 99.3% specificity in classifying sinus rhythm and 98.5% sensitivity in classifying AFib for the classifiable results.

Specificity: Those who don't have Afib, don't have Afib on the watch. True negative is high; false positive is low.

Sensitivity: Detects the presence of Afib. Everyone who has Afib is identified as having Afib. True positive is high; false negative is low.

A helpful video explaining sensitivity and specificity:

Apple Watch articles:

Seshadri, D. R., Bittel, B., Browsky, D., Houghtaling, P., Drummond, C. K., Desai, M. Y., & Gillinov, A. M. (2020). Accuracy of Apple watch for detection of atrial fibrillation. Circulation, 141(8), https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044126

Wasserlauf, J., Vogel, K., Whisler, C., Benjamin, E., Helm, R., Steinhaus, D. A., Yousuf, O., & Passman, R. S. (2023). Accuracy of the Apple watch for detection of AF: A multicenter experience. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 34(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.15892

Aortic aneurysm info:

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16742-aorta-aortic-aneurysm

https://www.cdc.gov/heart-disease/about/aortic-aneurysm.html

Blood pressure parameters:

Normal: Less than 120/less than 80

Elevated: 120-129/ <70-79

Stage I Hypertension (HTN): 130-139/80-89

Stage II HTN: 140-179/90-120

Severe HTN : > 180/ > 120

Blood pressure cuffs I recommend:

Blood pressure monitors:

https://a.co/d/hWgT6cZ

https://a.co/d/i0Rnxcf

https://a.co/d/3yFjSS1

Pill in pocket is a medication that can be taken as needed. If someone has an episode of atrial fibrillation they can take a medication to help slow the heart rate and/or help convert them back to normal rhythm.

Relationship between sleep apnea and Atrial Fibrillation:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527123021811

CHA2DS2-VASc Score for Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Risk

Atrial arrhythmia and coffee:

https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2021/07/421086/coffee-doesnt-raise-your-risk-heart-rhythm-problems

Atrial arrhythmia alcohol/coffee:

https://medconnection.ucsfhealth.org/news/new-evidence-on-how-alcohol-and-caffeine-affect-heart-rhythm-found-in-ucsf-studies

Energy drinks have been shown in case reports to be the cause of atrial fibrillation.

Levy, S., Santini, L., Capucci, A., Oto, A., Sanotmauro, M., Riganti, C., Raviele, A., & Riccardo, C. (2019). European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society Statement on the cardiovascular events associated with the use or abuse of energy drinks. Journal of Cardiac Electrophysiology, 56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-019-00610-2

LAA and stroke risk:

Atrial arrhythmia and alcohol:

https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2021/08/421341/alcohol-can-cause-immediate-risk-atrial-fibrillation

Holiday Heart:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537185/

Exercise/Atrial fibrillation men vs women

Physical activity in moderation decreases the risk of AF in men and women; however, men should be advised of the potentially increased risk of AF with long-term, high-intensity endurance training.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/wellness/2023/05/17/heart-afib-too-much-exercise/

Findings from a recent study suggest that after controlling for height and/or body size, women without CVD at baseline were at higher risk for AF than men, suggesting that sex differences in body size account for much of the protective association between female sex and AF.

Siddiqi, H. K., Vinayagamoorthy, M., Gencer, B., et al. (2022). Sex difference in atrial fibrillation risk The VITAL rhythm study. JAMA Cardiology, 7(10), doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2022.2825

https://www.cedars-sinai.org/newsroom/sex-differences-and-afib-new-study-flips-conventional-wisdom/

Society Guidelines for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001193

Electrophysiology study/Catheter ablation:

https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/catheter-ablation

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17401-pulmonary-vein-isolation-ablation

AppleWatch information:

You can enable notification for high and low heart rate notifications.

*If your heart rate remains above or below a chosen beats per minute (BPM), your Apple Watch can notify you. These notifications are available only on Apple Watch Series 1 or later for ages 13 and up. https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208931

You can turn on heart rate notifications when you first open the Heart Rate app on your Apple Watch, or at any time later from your iPhone:

* On your iPhone, open the Apple Watch app.

* Tap the My Watch tab, then tap Heart.

* Tap High Heart Rate, then choose a BPM.

* Tap Low Heart Rate, then choose a BPM.

If you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, you have two choices:

* You can turn on irregular rhythm notification (see link provided above), which will notify you every time you may have an irregular rhythm.

* You can turn on Afib History (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212214). This will automatically turn off irregular rhythm notification. Every Monday, you will receive an estimate of how much time the previous week that you were in atrial fibrillation. This estimate will NEVER be lower than < 2%. If you have zero AF, you will still receive < 2% afib burden (we know this, and it is expected). You need to wear your watch for at least 12 hours everyday for this to be accurate. You can also track lifestyle factors that may contribute to AF.

If you have NOT been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, turn on irregular rhythm notifications (see link provided above), which will notify you may have an irregular rhythm.

Do NOT turn on Afib history.

How to take an ECG using your AppleWatch (only available on Series 4 and up-NOT available on AppleWatch SE):

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208955

FDA approved ECG capable smart watches: AppleWatch, Withings, Samsung Galaxy, Google Pixel, Garmin and FitBits with ECG capability (Fitbit Sense 2 Watch and Fitbit Charge 5.

Music: Andrew Couch

Produced by Andrew Couch