Jainism

Introduction

Karemi Bhante Sutra is recited to take the vow of Sämäyika. Sämäyika means equanimity. In essence, the person follows the five great vows of conduct for the duration of Sämäyika. Also one decides not to do or promote any sin by thought, word or deed.

During the duration of Sämäyika (48 min), one should do meditation, Pratikraman, or religious study, and otherwise recite Namaskär Sutra continuously in silence. One should not attend to or think of any worldly matters.

करेमिभंतेसूत्र

करेमि भंते !

सामाइयं सावज्जं जोगं पच्चक्खामि,

जाव नियमं पज्जुवासामि,

दुविहं, ति-विहेणं,

मणेणं, वायाए, काएणं,

न करेमि, न कारवेमि, तस्स भंते !

पडिक्कमामि, निंदामि, गरिहामि, अप्पाणं वोसिरामि. ................ 1.

Karemi Bhante Sutra:

Karemi bhante !

Sämäiyam sävajjam jogam pachchakkhämi,

Jäva niyamam pajjuväsämi, duviham, ti-vihenam,

Manenam, väyäe, käenam, na karemi, na käravemi,

Tassa bhante ! Padikkamämi, nindämi, garihämi,

Appänam vosirämi............................................................... 1.

Sutra Meaning:

Oh respected Guruji! I vow to give up all sinful activities. I criticize myself for my wrongful actions.As long as I remain in Sämäyika, I shall not commit any sinful activity in thought, speech, or action nor shall I encourage anyone to indulge in such activities. Oh! Bhagawän, I hate myself for committing sinful activities. I repent and apologize for committing sinful activities. I condemn and censure myself for such sinful activities. By the virtue of Sämäyika, I am determined to free myself from worldly bondage............................................... 1.

08.  लोगस्ससूत्र - Logassa Sutra

Introduction

By recitation of the Logassa Sutra, one worships and praises the virtues of the twenty-four Tirthankars and offers obeisance to them.

In this sutra, the glorification of twenty four tirthankaras by name and all the tirthankaras of three phases of time by implication is done and a prayer is made for the attainment of salvation by means of the three gems of right faith, right knowledge and right conduct.

लोगस्ससूत्र

लोगस्स उज्जोअ-गरे, धम्म-तित्थ-यरे जिणे.

अरिहंते कित्तइस्सं, चउवीसं पि केवली. 1.

उसभ-मजिअं च वंदे, संभव-मभिणंदणं च सुमइं च.

पउम-प्पहं सुपासं, जिणं च चंद-प्पहं वंदे. 2.

सुविहिं च पुप्फ-दंतं, सीअल-सिज्जंस-वासु-पुज्जं च.

विमल-मणंतं च जिणं, धम्मं संतिं च वंदामि. 3.

कुंथुं अरं च मल्लिं, वंदे मुणि-सुव्वयं नमि-जिणं च.

वंदामि रिट्ठ-नेमिं, पासं तह वद्धमाणं च. 4.

एवं मए अभिथुआ, विहुय-रय-मला पहीण-जर-मरणा.

चउ-वीसं पि जिणवरा, तित्थ-यरा मे पसीयंतु. 5.

कित्तिय-वंदिय-महिया, जे ए लोगस्स उत्तमा सिद्धा.

आरुग्ग-बोहि-लाभं, समाहि-वर-मुत्तमं-दिंतु. 6.

चंदेसु निम्मल-यरा, आइच्चेसु अहियं पयास-यरा.

सागर-वर-गंभीरा, सिद्धा सिद्धिं मम दिसंतु. 7.

Logassa Sutra

Logassa ujjoa-gare, dhamma-tittha-yare jine.

Arihante kittaissam, chauvisam pi kevali. 1.

Usabha-majiam cha vande,

Sambhava-mabhinandanam cha sumaim cha.

Pauma-ppaham supäsam,

Jinam cha chanda-ppaham vande. 2.

Suvihim cha puppha-dantam,

Siala-sijjamsa-väsu-pujjam cha.

Vimala-manantam cha jinam,

Dhammam santim cha vandämi. 3.

Kunthum aram cha mallim,

Vande muni-suvvayam nami-jinam cha.

Vandämi rittha-nemim,

Päsam taha vaddhamänam cha. 4.

Evam mae abhithuä,

Vihuya-raya-malä pahina-jara-maranä.

Chau-visam pi jinavarä,

Tittha-yarä me pasiyantu. 5.

Kittiya-vandiya-mahiyä, je e logassa uttamä siddhä.

Ärugga-bohi-läbham, samähi-vara-muttamam-dintu. 6.

Chandesu nimmala-yarä, äichchesu ahiyam payäsa-yarä.

Sägara-vara-gambhirä, siddhä siddhim mama disantu. 7.

Sutra Meaning:

Oh, Arihantas (Tirthankaras)! You are shedding divine light on the entire universe.  Founders of  divine laws and conquerors of inner enemies, I praise you, O omniscient, the twenty-four Tirthankaras. 1.

I bow to Rishabha dev, Ajitnäth, Sambhavnäth, Abhinandan, Sumatinäth, Padmaprabha, Supärshva, and Chandraprabhu. 2.

I bow to Suvidhinäth or Pushpadanta, Shitalnäth, Shreyänsnäth, Väsupujya, Vimalnäth, Anantnäth, Dharmanäth, and Shäntinäth. 3.

I bow to Kunthunäth, Aranäth, Mallinäth, Munisuvrat-swämi, and Naminäth.  

I bow to Arista Neminäth, Pärshvanäth, and Vardhamän (Mahävir-swämi). 4.

I praise the Arihantas who have been liberated from all karma that obstruct or hinder the qualities of soul and thereby have broken the cycle of birth and death.  These are the twenty-four Lord Jinas or Tirthankaras that bless me. 5.

Oh, Arihantas! You are praised, bowed to, and whole-heartedly worshipped.  You are the purest souls in the universe.  Grant me divine health and Right Faith/Conviction (Bodhi Samyaktva) and the highest state of consciousness. 6.

You are purer than the moon and more brilliant than the sun.  

You are deeper than the oceans.  Please assist me to attain liberation. 7.

Introduction

By reciting Annattha Sutra, one enumerates the list of minor violations that may happen in his motionless yoga (Kayotsarg) posture.

This sutra contains a description of sixteen exemptions (ägäras) for not allowing the käussagga to be broken or upset owing to the body's natural movement while performing the käussagga, if the good manner has been shown to complete the käussagga with firmness.

अन्नत्थसूत्र

अन्नत्थ-ऊससिएणं, नीससिएणं, खासिएणं, छीएणं, जंभाइएणं,

उड्डुएणं, वाय-निसग्गेणं, भमलीए, पित्त-मुच्छाए.......................... 1.

सुहुमेहिं अंग-संचालेहिं, सुहुमेहिं खेल-संचालेहिं,

सुहुमेहिं दिट्ठि-संचालेहिं......................................................... 2.

एवमाइएहिं आगारेहिं, अ-भग्गो अ-विराहिओ, हुज्ज मे काउस्सग्गो. 3.

जाव अरिहंताणं भगवंताणं, नमुक्कारेणं न पारेमि....................... 4.

ताव कायं ठाणेणं मोणेणं झाणेणं, अप्पाणं वोसिरामि.................. 5.

Annattha Sutra

Annattha-usasienam, nisasienam,

Khäsienam, chhienam, jambhäienam,

Udduenam, väya-nisaggenam, bhamalie, pitta-muchchhäe.... 1.

Suhumehim anga-sanchälehim,

Suhumehim khel-sanchälehim,

suhumehim ditthi-sanchälehim.............................................. 2.

Evamäiehim ägärehim, a-bhaggo a-virähio,

Hujja me käussaggo............................................................ 3.

Jäva arihantänam bhagavantänam,

Namukkärenam na päremi................................................... 4.

Täva käyam thänenam monenam jhänenam,

Appänam vosirämi............................................................... 5.

Sutra Meaning:

I shall now engross myself in meditation in a completely motionless yoga posture (Käyotsarga) for a specified duration. I will remain motionless except for breathing in and out, coughing, sneezing, yawning, belching, involuntarily losing balance, vomiting, fainting, subtle flickering movements of the eyes and other involuntary bodily movements.

I shall perform meditation and keep myself (my soul) away from all sinful activities by keeping my body motionless and by observing complete silence. At the conclusion of meditation, I will complete the Käyotsarga by offering salutation to Arihanta.

Introduction

After requesting forgiveness from all living beings of the universe, the next step is to discipline one-self in order to avoid future sins. This is done via Käyotsarga or käussagga (meditation for certain duration in a motionless meditative posture)

By reciting Tassa Uttari Sutra, one declares the intension of meditation in motionless posture.This meditation also helps to reduce our vices (Kashäyas), which in turn reduces our past bad karmas.

The five purposes of Kaussaga are:Atonement, Repentance, Purification, Removal of Obstacles and Uprooting Sinful Activities.

तस्सउत्तरीसूत्र

तस्स उत्तरी-करणेणं, पायच्छित्त-करणेणं,

विसोही-करणेणं, विसल्ली-करणेणं,

पावाणं कम्माणं निग्घायणट्ठाए, ठामि काउस्सग्गं..................... 1

Tassa Uttari Sutra

Tassa uttari-karanenam, päyachchhitta-karanenam,

Visohi-karanenam, visalli-karanenam,

Pävänam kammänam,

Nigghäyanatthäe, thämi käussaggam................................... 1.

Sutra Meaning:

I now want to absolve all my sins committed (as mentioned in the Iriyävahiyä Sutra) by repenting. To purify my soul and to make it free of pain (caused by practicing religion without right faith or practicing for the show and for worldly gains) and to completely destroy all my sins, I shall now perform Käyotsarga.

Introduction

This sutra is nothing but the Forgiveness Verse of Sämäyika

It is very important that we ask for forgiveness and repent for the sins committed by us either knowingly or unknowingly before we perform Sämäyika, Pratikraman, and Chaitya Vandan (praying to the Tirthankars at the temple) rituals.

By recitation of this sutra a person enumerates the sins that may have been committed by him/her in ordinary day-to-day life while moving around. He/she repents, apologizes, and asks for forgiveness for those sins.

इरियावहियासूत्र:

इच्छा-कारेण संदिसह भगवन् ! इरियावहियं पडिक्कमामि ?

इच्छं, इच्छामि पडिक्कमिउं..................................................... 1.

इरियावहियाए, विराहणाए........................................................ 2.

गमणागमणे......................................................................... 3.

पाण-क्कमणे, बीय-क्कमणे, हरिय-क्कमणे,

ओसा-उत्तिंग-पणग-दग-मट्टी-मक्कडा-संताणा-संकमणे................ 4.

जे मे जीवा विराहिया............................................................ 5.

एगिंदिया, बेइंदिया, तेइंदिया, चउरिंदिया, पंचिंदिया........................ 6.

अभिहया, वत्तिया, लेसिया, संघाइया, संघट्टिया,

परियाविया, किलामिया, उद्दविया,

ठाणाओ ठाणं संकामिया, जीवियाओ ववरोविया,

तस्स मिच्छा मि दुक्कडं........................................................ 7.

Iriyävahiyä Sutra

Ichchhä-kärena sandisaha bhagavan !

Iriyävahiyam padikkamämi ?

Ichchham, ichchhämi padikkamium...................................... 1.

Iriyävahiyäe, virähanäe......................................................... 2.

Gamanä-gamane................................................................. 3.

Päna-kkamane, biya-kkamane, hariya-kkamane,

Osä-uttinga, panaga-daga,

Matti-makkadä-santänä-sankamane...................................... 4.

Je me jivä virähiyä............................................................... 5.

Egindiyä, beindiyä, teindiyä, chaurindiyä, panchindiyä............ 6.

Abhihayä, vattiyä, lesiyä, sanghäiyä, sanghattiyä,

Pariyäviyä, kilämiyä, uddaviyä, thänäo thänam,

Sankämiyä, jiviyäo vavaroviyä,

Tassa michchhä mi dukkadam............................................. 7.

Sutra Meaning:

Oh! Guru Maharaj, please voluntarily give me permission to apologize and repent (to do Pratikraman) for the sins that I may have committed while moving around. (Now Guru Maharaj will say, ‘Please do so.”)

I accept your permission. Now, I want to apologize and repent by doing Pratikraman.

While walking, I may have trampled upon living beings, seeds, green vegetation, dew, ant burrows, moss, wet soil, and spider webs. I may have hurt one-sensed, two-sensed, three-sensed, four-sensed, or five-sensed living beings by kicking them, covering them with dirt, trampling them, colliding them with each other, or touching them. I may have distressed them, frightened them, displaced them, or killed them.I repent and apologize for all sins that I may have committed.

Introduction:

This sutra is recited while offering obeisance to Guru Mahäräj. Since in this Sutra a devotee inquires about Guruji’s well-being, this sutra is known as Guru Sukha Shätä Sutra.

इच्छकारसूत्र:

इच्छकार सुह-राइ ? (सुह-देवसि?) सुख-तप ?

शरीर-निराबाध ? सुख-संजम-यात्रा-निर्वहते हो जी ?

स्वामि ! शाता है जी ? आहार-पानी का लाभ देना जी............... 1.

Icchakära sutra:

Ichchhakära suha-räi? (or suha-devasi?) Sukha-tapa?

Sarira-niräbädha?

Sukha-sanjama-yäträ-nirvahate ho ji?

Svämi ! Sätä hai ji?

Ähära-päni kä läbha denä ji..................................................  .1.

Sutra Meaning:

Oh! Guruji! With your permission I very kindly wish to know, if you were comfortable during the last night (or day)? Is your penance going well? Are you free of any bodily inflictions? Is your journey in ascetic life free of obstacles? Oh! Guruji, are you doing well? Please kindly oblige me by accepting alms from me. 1.

Introduction:

This sutra is recited while offering obeisance to any Tirthankar’s image or to monks and nuns.

This sutra is recited three times in front of a Tirthankar’s image at the temple, or two times in front of an ascetic at an Upäshray (temporary living place for monks).

The sutra is recited in a specific posture wherein five body parts, namely two hands, two knees and the forehead, touch the floor together. Hence it is also known as Panchäng Pranipät Sutra.

Different sects recite different sutras when one bows to the Tirthankar image or an Ascetic.

खमासमणसूत्र:

इच्छामि खमा-समणो! वंदिउं, जावणिज्जाए निसीहिआए,

मत्थएण वंदामि.................................................................... 1.

Khamäsamana Sutra:

Ichchhämi khamä-samano ! Vandium, jävanijjäe nisihiäe, 

matthaena vandämi.................. 1.

Sutra Meaning:

With all my strength and by renouncing all wrongful acts, I bow (to the Tirthankar’s image or Ascetics) with my head.

01. Introduction

Generally, Sämäyika and Pratikraman rituals are performed in the presence of a Guru or an ascetic. However, in their absence, one places a religious book, which contains Namaskar Mangal Sutra and Panchendriya sutra in the front to symbolize the presence of a Guru.

Also one needs to place a rosary (Navakärvali) consisting of 108 beads on the top of the religious book which represents the 108 virtues of Pancha Parmesthis.

पंचिंदियसूत्र

पंचिंदिय-संवरणो, तह नव-विह-बंभचेर-गुत्तिधरो.

चउविह-कसाय-मुक्को, इअ अट्ठारस-गुणेहिं संजुत्तो..................... 1.

पंच-महव्वय-जुत्तो, पंच-विहायार-पालण-समत्थो.

पंच-समिओ तिगुत्तो, छत्तीस-गुणो गुरू मज्झ.............................. 2.

Pancindiya Sutra

Panchindiya-samvarano,

Taha nava-viha-bambhachera-guttidharo.

Chauviha-kasäya-mukko,

Iah atthärasa-gunehim sanjutto............................................ 1.

Pancha-mahavvaya-jutto,

Pancha-vihäyära-pälana-samattho.

Pancha-samio tigutto,

Chhattisa-guno guru majjha.................................................. 2.

Sutra Meaning:

Guru Maharaj who has attained perfect control over the pleasures and pains associated with five-sense organs, observes celibacy in the nine prescribed ways, and is free from the four kinds of passions.

Guru Maharaj also observes the five great vows, five codes of conduct, five kinds of carefulness, and three kinds of restraints in daily activities. Thus, a Guru Maharaj possesses 36 qualities.

General Meaning:

A Guru has 36 Qualities:

He possesses complete control over the pleasures of touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing senses.

He observes celibacy by following its nine stipulations. These steps provide proper protection to the vow of celibacy, and are known as the nine Brahmacharya Väda.

Not looking at a person of the opposite gender with the sense of sensual pleasure

Not thinking of the past sensual pleasures of one’s life

Not being alone with a person of opposite gender

Not talking about a person of the opposite gender with pleasure

Not sitting at the same place where a person of the opposite gender has been sitting until certain amount of time has elapsed

Not staying nearby where a couple might be staying

Not consuming intoxicants, such as alcohol or drugs.

Always eating less than one’s hunger

Not decorating the body

He completely avoids four passions:

Anger, ego, deception and greed.

He completely follows the five great vows:

Non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, celibacy, and non-possessiveness.

Observance of the fivefold spiritual code of conduct:

Right Faith or Conviction (Samyak Darshan),

Right Knowledge (Samyak Jnän),

Right Conduct (Samyak Chäritra),

Right Austerities (Samyak Tapa), and

Vigor (Virya).

Alertness and care while walking, speaking, accepting alms, placing or replacing any items, and disposing of human waste and other items.

Constraint of the mind, speech and body

01 Namaskär Mahämangal Sutra

Jain Prayer to Great Souls

Namaskär Mahämangal Sutra, popularly known as Namaskär Mantra, Navakär Mantra or Namokkär Mantra, is the most revered prayer in Jainism. It offers obeisance to the five supreme beings known as Pancha Parmeshtis, namely: Arihanta, Siddha, Ächärya, Upädhyäy and Sädhus which include all monks and nuns of any religion of the world who practice 5 great vows of conduct.

In the first and second sentences obeisance is offered to the omniscient beings, which are Arihanta and Siddha. In the third, fourth and the fifth sentences obeisance is offered to ascetics who are Ächärya, Upädhyäy and all Sädhus and Sädhvis of the world. The sutra offers obeisance to the qualities of Pancha Parmeshtis not to the individuals. The remaining four sentences explain the importance and benefit of these obeisances. There are a total of 108 qualities or attributes of these five supreme beings. The Jain rosary (Mälä) has 108 beads signifying these attributes.

Arihanta – 12, Siddha – 8, Ächärya – 36, Upädhyäy – 25, and Sädhu – 27 = Total - 108

नमस्कार मंगल सूत्र:

नमो अरिहंताणं

नमो सिद्धाणं ।

नमो आयरियाणं ।

नमो उवज्झायाणं ।

नमो लोए सव्वसाहूणं ।

एसो पंच नमुक्कारो, सव्वपावप्पणासणो ।

मंगलाणं च सव्वेसिं, पढमं हवइ मंगलं ।।

01. Namaskära Mangal Sutra

Namo arihantänam.

Namo siddhänam.

Namo äyariyänam.

Namo uvajjhäyänam.

Namo loe savva-sähunam.

Eso pancha-namukkäro, Savva-päva-ppanäsano;

Mangalänam cha savvesim, Padhamam havai mangalam.

01. General Meaning

I bow to the Arihantas (Tirthankars) who have reached enlightenment by conquering or eliminating all their Kashäya (vices) such as anger, ego, deceit, greed, and inner weaknesses, who have attained Keval-Jnäna which means they have destroyed four Ghati karma and possess infinite knowledge, vision, bliss, and power. They have also shown the path of liberation to the lay people that brings their cycles of birth, life, and death to an end.

I bow to the Siddhas or liberated souls that have attained the state of perfection and immortality after the attainment of Keval-Jnäna and after completing their current duration of life, thereby achieving total freedom from all karma. In this way they have completely ended the cycle of birth, life, and death.

I bow to the Ächäryas, who head the order, and who preach the principles of religion by showing us the path of liberation, i.e., the path of Right Conviction or Faith, Right Knowledge, and Right Conduct.

I bow to the Upädhyäys, who are the religious scholars and guides of the scriptures. They explain to us the true nature of the soul and karma, their relationship, and the importance of our spiritual lives over our material lives.

I bow to all ascetics who strictly follow the five great vows of conduct and inspire us to live a simple life. The five vows are:

Ahimsa (Nonviolence and Compassion), Satya (Truthfulness), Asteya (Non-stealing), Brahmacharya (Chastity), and Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness and Non-attachment)

To these five types of great souls, I offer my obeisance.

May such obeisance help diminish my sins.

Giving this praise is most auspicious.

It is so auspicious as to bring inner peace and happiness.