The views of Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) on the role of reason differ from those of prior philosophers. John Vespasian explains the difference between Schopenhauer's views and those of Epicurus, Thomas Aquinas, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Spinoza, and Socrates. Schopenhauer was right in sustaining that an unexamined life is sub-optimal, but normal. The consistent use of reason brings vast benefits, but it is rare because it requires sustained effort. Here is the link to the original article: https://johnvespasian.com/analysis-of-schopenhauers-views-on-the-role-of-reason/

The influence of Aristotle (384-322 BC) on Western ideals, philosophy and society has been a slow and difficult process. John Vespasian gives an overview of the path of Aristotle's influence through the works of Avicenna, Maimonides, Averroes and Albert the Great. Here is the link to the original article: https://johnvespasian.com/the-path-of-aristotles-influence-on-western-philosophy/