During WWII the German military used an enigma machine to communicate through code, which they thought was unbreakable - to put it simply. 

However, early breakthroughs were made by Polish mathematicians, and later British intelligence and specifically Alan Turing. He developed a machine called Bombes which could decrypt messages at speed. This intelligence gave the allies crucial information about German plans and movements, helping them win key battles and contributed to shortening the war by years. 

Alan Turing, was a remarkable man, which I delve into further within the episode. 

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