These sources provide comprehensive information on keloid and hypertrophic scars, exploring their causes, risk factors (particularly for skin of color), and the challenges in finding universally effective treatments. They discuss various therapeutic options, including conventional methods like surgery, corticosteroid injections, and pressure therapy, as well as newer approaches such as laser therapy, cryotherapy, and emerging drug treatments, often highlighting the benefits of combination therapies. The texts also acknowledge the significant psychosocial impact of these scars and the ongoing need for further research and individualized treatment plans.

Sources:

A Comprehensive Review of Non-Surgical Treatments for Hypertrophic and Keloid Scars in Skin of Color - PubMed Central

Future Directions About Keloid Scars Based on Pathogenesis and Therapies

How to prevent keloid scars - American Academy of Dermatology

Keloid Scar Pictures, Causes, Symptoms, Cream & Removal - MedicineNet

Keloid scar - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic

Keloid scar - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

Keloid scars: Diagnosis and treatment - American Academy of Dermatology

Keloids Infection - Keloid Removal Expert - New York - Dr. Tirgan

Management of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars - AAFP