When the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers denied the Pebble Limited Partnership a federal permit to develop a mine under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, it surprised people on both sides of the issue . “I was ecstatic. I was elated. I was so happy to hear that it was finally over,” said Billy Trefon Jr. from Nondalton, one of the villages closest to where the mine would have been built. To the south, in Iliamna, Lisa Reimers, the CEO of Iliamna Development Corporation, said people feel hopeless.