More than 99% of the species that ever existed have become extinct. The concept of de-extinction, therefore, seems to hold so much promise. Scientists are using cutting edge technology to make breakthroughs that may result in extinct species appearing once more in their natural habitats. However, this may still take some time. Critics of de-extinction programmes will point to the fact that the first resurrected mammoths, for example, will be more elephant-like than mammoth or that perhaps the first aurochs, more cattle-like than the originals. Scientists are edging closer to their goals, and for some, it really is just a matter of time before species are brought back from extinction. (With thanks to our sponsor 'Curriculum Press' for providing content for this podcast)

The term ‘Multiple Sclerosis’ refers to the replacement of myelin, a fatty substance that forms a protective sheath around neurones, with scar tissue. It is thought that MS is an auto-immune disorder, where cytotoxic T lymphocytes have essentially attacked molecules in the myelin, although recent studies suggest that both a genetic predisposition and environmental factors are important in determining whether someone develops MS. In this podcast, I will explore the underlying pathology behind the condition, the signs and symptoms sufferers experience, and the current treatments available. (With thanks to our sponsor 'Curriculum Press' for providing content for this podcast)

Animal testing, also known as vivisection, normally elicits strong responses from people, both for and against the procedures. The role of animal experimentation in medical research is controversial, but the British Medical Association is adamant that animal experimentation is necessary to develop a better understanding of diseases and how to treat them. In this podcast, I will explore the reasons why animals are used (in comparison with 'in vitro' studies and computer modelling), how Home Office regulations prevent the abuse of animals, and will describe some of the medical advances made using animal research. (With thanks to our sponsor 'Curriculum Press' for providing content for this podcast)

We all understand the importance of a healthy balanced diet, but how many of us truly appreciate the role that dietary fibre plays. It has been clinically proven to aid normal functioning of the digestive system, but this 'superfood' has also been shown to prevent a number of debilitating chronic conditions. In this podcast, I will explain the essential role of fibre in our diet, identify useful sources of fibre and evaluate the scientific evidence linking a deficiency of this vital nutrient to several life-threatening diseases. (With thanks to our sponsor 'Curriculum Press' for providing content for this podcast)

In this podcast,  I give my 'Top 10 Tips and Tricks' for when it comes to revising for exams. Everyone has their own learning style and method of working, and the way we revise and consolidate material depends very much on individual needs and personalities. There are, however, simple core concepts, ideas and techniques that anyone can employ, and in my own teaching career, I've seen them used incredibly effectively!

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the development of a blood clot in a major deep vein in the leg, thigh, pelvis, or abdomen. They may be asymptomatic; however, there may be asymmetrical leg swelling, unilateral leg pain, dilation or distension of superficial veins, and red or discoloured skin. If part of the clot breaks off it can lead to significant complications, including a pulmonary embolism. In this podcast, I'll describe the causes, various risk factors and treatment for these so called 'bad clots'. (With thanks to our sponsor 'Curriculum Press' for providing content for this podcast)