Today, we continue talking about how courts judge use of force in ECO/TDO cases, and examine three cases in depth on this issue.

In August, the Virginia Court of Appeals affirmed a Battery conviction for a police officer in an ECO case. Today, we start talking about the standards for use of force in an ECO/TDO case.

This week, we talk about the basic statutes and procedures for ECOs and TDOs in Virginia

This week, the 4th Circuit reinstated a use of force lawsuit against officers who shot and killed an armed suspect. Here are links to the body camera videos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLV1aUtSe4A

and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xUHR3W7GbNA

This week, the Court of Appeals issued a good ruling on vehicle pat downs. We look at the case and the law behind it.

This week, the Court of Appeals issued two contradictory rulings on whether finding an open container in a vehicle is probable cause to search for more alcohol in a vehicle, under Va. Code 18.2-323.1. We look at these rulings to determine what the rule really is.

This week, we discuss a ruling from the Court of Appeals that mere Probable Cause, without a warrant or an exception to the warrant requirement, is insufficient to search a person.

What's the state of the law regarding Marijuana in Virginia in 2023? We look at two new laws and a new case from the Court of Appeals.

What exactly is "Reckless" driving, and what makes it difference from "Improper" driving, or just negligence? In this listener-requested episode, we talk about the legal standard to prove a Reckless Driving charge.

Have you been frustrated that some agencies don't do what the Code says they "Shall" do? What if I told you "Shall" does not always mean "Shall"? Today we talk about why that matters.