“You’re either with me, or you’re against me.”
This kind of binary mindset fuels plenty of heated debates. Especially when it comes to one topic in particular: “calories in vs. calories out,” or CICO.
So what is it… Calories in vs. calories out? Or is it Hormones? The debate is finally over. Here’s who won.
CICO is an easy way of saying:
· When you take in more energy than you burn, you gain weight.
· When you take in less energy than you burn, you lose weight.
This is a fundamental concept in body-weight regulation, and about as close to scientific fact as we can get.
Then why is CICO the source of so much disagreement?
It’s all about the extremes. At one end of the debate, there’s a group who believes CICO is straightforward. If you aren’t losing weight, the reason is simple: You’re either eating too many calories, or not moving enough, or both. Just eat less and move more.
At the other end is a group who believes CICO is broken (or even a complete myth). These critics say it doesn’t account for hormone imbalances, insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and other health problems that affect metabolism. Some also claim that certain diets and foods provide a “metabolic advantage” that helps people lose weight without worrying about CICO.
Whether you’re a health and exercise professional tasked with helping clients manage their weight—or trying to learn how to do that for yourself—adopting an extreme position on this topic is problematic; it prevents you from seeing the bigger picture.
This article adds some nuance to the debate.
References:
ACE Fitness Website
https://www.acefitness.org/
Precision Nutrition
https://www.precisionnutrition.com/
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