Source: Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America (1875) I, 425-431. https://archive.org/details/toldcontemporari03hartrich/page/552/mode/2up

Source: James D. Richardson, A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents (1896), III, 69-93. https://archive.org/details/toldcontemporari03hartrich/page/548/mode/2up

Source: Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, written by himself (1845) , 57-63. https://archive.org/details/toldcontemporari03hartrich/page/578/mode/2up

Source: Congressional Debates, 22nd Congress, 2nd session (1833), IX, part i, 188-190. https://archive.org/details/toldcontemporari03hartrich/page/544/mode/2up

Source: Patrick Shirreff, A Tour through North America (1835) https://archive.org/details/toldcontemporari03hartrich/page/474/mode/2up

Source: Frances Anne Butler, Journal (1835), I, 128 to II, 186. https://archive.org/details/toldcontemporari03hartrich/page/564/mode/2up

Source: History is a Weapon website: https://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/blackhawk.html

Source: John H. B. Latrobe, The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad: Personal Recollections (1868), 12-18. https://archive.org/details/toldcontemporari03hartrich/page/560/mode/2up

My thoughts about the 1970 article “Men in Motion: Some Data and Speculations about Urban Population Mobility in Nineteenth-Century America”, by Stephan Thernstrom and Peter R. Knights.

Source: This memorial letter, written in December of 1829 to the United States Congress, was printed in January, 1830 in the Cherokee Phoenix, the first American Indian newspaper. It was then reprinted in the March 13, 1830 issue of Niles Weekly Register.