*SPECIAL GUEST EPISODE (Season 1 finale - stay tuned for Season 2 with improved technology starting in a few weeks/months!)*

Several future guests had to reschedule their Many Voices interviews, and my daughter had encouraged me to try being the interviewee rather than the interviewer. So we decided to take advantage of the break between regular guests to record a special interview with my kids Kazushi (9) and Maika (12) interviewing me (Dr Patrick Savage) to share my own musical background and give me a taste of what it's like to be interviewed!

For more information on topics covered, see the following:-"Deathbed: The story of Kelly Savage": https://shorthand.radionz.co.nz/kelly-savage-restraint-japan

-"The Calvin & Hobbes Suite" (Patrick Savage's BA Honours thesis in music composition): https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLWG4xKlkGz4ENMKnQb6HSIPhueiTd_WwO

-Patrick's researcher profile (including links to his book "Comparative Musicology" and article "Music as a coevolved system for social bonding)": http://PatrickESavage.com

*Chapters*

00:00 Introduction

01:54 #1 (sing): Misty (youtu.be/lJXLqAutql4)

05:51 (bonus traditional): I Lied To You (from "Sinners") - Miles Caton (youtu.be/S7jo5Cr6WUA)

07:15 #2 (traditional): I'll Fly Away (from "O Brother Where Art Thou") - Gillian Welch & Alison Krauss (youtu.be/sdRdqp4N3Jw)

09:03 #3 (contemporary): Hope - Fat Freddy's Drop (youtu.be/kXvZf7TmT3k)

11:29 #4 (happy): Christmas Eve (from "The Calvin & Hobbes Suite) - Lyrics by Bill Watterson, music composed by Patrick Savage, sung by the Amherst College Zumbyes and Bluestockings (youtu.be/eOnLKQ35EkQ)

13:43 #5 (sad): It's Quiet Uptown (from "Hamilton") - Lin-Manuel Miranda (youtu.be/I5N7xCSOrQg)

15:33 (bonus dance): Naatu Naatu (from "R.R.R.") - M.M. Keeravaani (youtu.be/4_eEgJhsBMo)

16:19 #6 (dance): Thriller - Michael Jackson (youtu.be/sOnqjkJTMaA)

17:18 Thriller - performed by the Amherst College Zumbyes at the Lincoln Centre in the 2007 International Championship of Collegiate A Capella (youtu.be/-7hwc6yTbjI)

19:05 Broader thoughts on music and science

23:56 (bonus kid category: video game music): Super Mario Bros. theme song - Koji Kondo (youtu.be/-avspZlbOWU)

25:15 (bonus) Mario skit by the Zumbyes: youtu.be/L1pXRC02q5o

25:50 (bonus) theme from "Hollow Knight" - Composed by Christopher Larkin, performed by Maika Savage (youtu.be/0PQBtRV7Tes | youtu.be/r6PuACnHkNY)

27:25 (bonus) Hornet (from "Hollow Knight") - Composed by Christopher Larkin, performed by Kazushi Savage (youtu.be/apHbW1oO-Vs | youtu.be/7xkM8mWC4Kk)

29:46 Post-credit scene: Between Two Mammoths (Amherst College President Michael Elliot interviews Zumbyes Business Manager Ashley Yuen Z'25) (youtu.be/VTF3AeLsCkY)

*Credits*

Recorded on June 28 2026 in Karori, Te Whanganui-Ā-Tara | Wellington, Aotearoa | New Zealand

Guest hosts: Kazushi & Maika Savage

Interviewee/producer/editor: Dr Patrick SavageIntro music: "Hearing music evolve" (Patrick Savage, Hideo Daikoku, Kenta Ueda, Yoichi Kitayama, Marin Naruse, The HU, Timbaland, Gakuto Chiba, Sona Jobarteh, Queen, et al., https://youtu.be/Qe1R-R1-Q7A)

Many Voices logo design: Dr Florence Nweke

Kia ora, こんにちは, hello and welcome to Many Voices: A world music podcast. Some call music “the universal language” - but how many songs do you know in one of the world’s 6,000+ languages besides English? Every week, I ask a guest who speaks one of those languages to share six songs from their own culture, and their thoughts on the science behind the world’s musical diversity. I’m your host, Dr Patrick Savage, author of the 2026 book, Comparative musicology.

For today’s episode, I talked with Professor Andrea Ravignani of the Sapienza University of Rome, one of the world’s leading scientists of the biology and evolution of music and language. Andrea shared Italian songs from his homeland like the anti-fascist anthem “Bella Ciao”. But interestingly, Andrea didn’t see being “Italian” as his primary identity. So he also shared non-Italian European instrumental music like John Powell’s music from “How to Train Your Dragon”. Andrea also shared his thoughts on topics like how and why musicality might have evolved, and the importance of interdisciplinary dialogue between the humanities and sciences. I hope you enjoy this conversation with Andrea as much as I did!

For more information on Andrea’s research, see the description for the link to his Google Scholar profile (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WKijbGUAAAAJ). For rights reasons, we only share short excerpts, but for playlists with full recordings of music from these and other Many Voices episodes, visit http://many-voices.com, where you can also find links to video or audio-only versions of all episodes wherever you get your podcasts. And please like and subscribe to help us keep the whole world singing!

Chapters:

00:00 Introduction

03:35 #1 (traditional): Trio Sonata op. 1 no. 12 RV 63 "La Follia" - Composed by Antonio Vivaldi, Performed by Cilea Saxophone Quartet (https://youtu.be/g7sOlOnM9JA)

06:08 #2 (contemporary): “I Cento Passi” - Modena City Ramblers (https://youtu.be/KUpcxdg2Iqs)

08:01 #3 (happy): “Test Drive” (from the “How To Train Your Dragon" - John Powell (performed by London Music Works) (https://youtu.be/zTSXiF_cxG8)

12:12 #4 (sad): “Goldberg Variations”, BWV 988 - J. S. Bach (performed by Andreas Staier) (https://youtu.be/Jq-ahSRT1lA)

14:24 #5 (dance): “Libertango” - Astor Piazzolla (performed by the Russian Philharmonic) (https://youtu.be/kdhTodxH7Gw)

16:53 #6 (bonding/meaningful): “Bella Ciao” - versions by Modena City Ramblers (https://youtu.be/_92gzyoaQLk) and by Andrea Ravignani for Ozaki et al., 2024, Science Advances (https://osf.io/uxmtp)

20:25 Broader thoughts on music and science

Credits:

Recorded on April 19 2026 in Leiden, the Netherlands

Guest: Prof Andrea Ravignani

Presenter/producer/editor: Dr Patrick Savage

Intro/outro music: "Hearing music evolve" (Patrick Savage, Hideo Daikoku, Kenta Ueda, Yoichi Kitayama, Marin Naruse, The HU, Timbaland, Gakuto Chiba, Sona Jobarteh, et al., https://youtu.be/Qe1R-R1-Q7A)

Many Voices logo design: Dr Florence Nweke

For today’s episode of “Many Voices”, I was delighted to welcome our guest, Brenda Suyanne Barbosa, to teach us about the Guaraní music of her culture. Born in Brazil, Brenda has recently moved to Germany to pursue a PhD at the University of Music Franz Liszt Weimar, where she is also a Research Associate in Transcultural Studies.I’ve previously collaborated with Brenda on scientific experiments comparing singing and speaking across languages, but I really enjoyed hearing her beautiful singing voice and hearing more about her upbringing and what Guaraní music means to her. I was fascinated to learn how young Guaraní are adapting hip-hop musical and visual culture to Guaraní contexts, using warpaint and feathers as symbols of resistance against political and environmental oppression. Brenda explained how Guaraní dance is inseparable from music and life, even being used to train children to move silently through the jungle. I also loved hearing Brenda’s thoughts on combining science with Indigenous knowledge to understand the value of music for bringing us together. I hope you enjoy my conversation with Brenda as much as I did!

Chapters:

0:00 Introduction

02:06 1 (sing): Apykaxu - Guaraní traditional, sung by Brenda Suyanne Barbosa

06:40 2 (traditional): Ñande Reko Arandu - Memória Viva Guarani Children’s Choir (https://youtu.be/l469uaunv6A)

09:24 3 (contemporary): Resistência Nativa - Brô Mc's, OZ Guarani, Owerá Mc (https://youtu.be/G-TqAeyj4_s)

14:01 4/5 (happy/dancing): Xondaro / Xondaria dance - Lucas Keese, Centro de Trabalho Indigenista (CTI) Programa Guarani (https://youtu.be/4FbUVwDwp9U)

17:38 6 (sad): Flor E O Beija-Flor - Marília Mendonça (https://youtu.be/Ukb0vLbg53g)

20:04 Broader thoughts on music, science, and Guaraní culture

Credits:

Recorded 19 March 2026

Guest: Brenda Suyanne Barbosa

Presenter/producer/editor: Dr Patrick SavageIntro/outro music: "Hearing music evolve" (Patrick Savage, Hideo Daikoku, Marin Naruse, The HU, Timbaland, Gakuto Chiba, et al., https://youtu.be/Qe1R-R1-Q7A)

Many Voices logo design: Dr Florence Nweke

For today’s episode of “Many Voices”, I was delighted to get to chat in person with Dr Nori Jacoby (https://norijacoby.com) from Cornell University while we were both in the Netherlands for a symposium about music and evolution. I enjoyed hearing Nori share music from his own performance of thousand-year-old songs to contemporary songs adapting rap to teach the ancient Hebrew alphabet.

Nori is one of the world’s leading scientists in the cross-cultural study of musical diversity, and one of the smartest scientists I know. But his scientific articles are usually focused on technical details and don’t give a sense of his personal background or his talents as a composer and performer, so it was a real treat to hear this side of him too. It was also special to hear about the complex ways he wrestled with questions about music, science, and cultural identity as a secular Israeli raised speaking Hebrew and now living in the USA, and the hopes he had that music might help bridge some of the deep divides in his homeland during these troubled times of war in the Middle East. I hope you also enjoy hearing Nori share his music and personal story.

For more information on Nori’s research, composing, and performing, visit https://norijacoby.com. And as always, for playlists with full recordings of music from these and other Many Voices episodes, visit http://many-voices.com, where you can also find links to YouTube, Spotify, and Apple Podcasts. Tune in next week for our next episode with Brenda Suyanne Barbosa sharing the music of her Indigenous Guaraní culture from Brazil. And please like and subscribe to help us keep the whole world singing!

Chapters:

00:00 Introduction

02:32 1 (meaningful): “Laila” (https://youtu.be/SIdljPIHYr8)

07:14 2 (traditional): “Moshe” - Tafillalt (https://youtu.be/SCmWXvo3XOs)

13:08 3 (contemporary): “The Aleph-bet song” (Hosha'ana) - Victoria Hanna (https://youtu.be/Bl1epz3tSSA)

16:07 4 (happy): “The Princess and the Hedgehog” (excerpt) - Nori Jacoby (https://youtu.be/playlist?list=PLDA0E15B98880AB9E)

18:44 5 (sad): “Let Me Hear Your Voice” / “השמיעני” - Victoria Hanna (https://youtu.be/C4a8bpss9Ng&t=109)

21:49 6 (dance): “Adir Adirim” (feat. Victoria Hanna) - Balkan Beat Box (https://youtu.be/2Dgt27ILk8g)

26:37 Broader thoughts on music, science, and identity

Credits:

Recorded on April 19 2026 in Leiden, the Netherlands

Guest: Dr Nori Jacoby

Presenter/producer/editor: Dr Patrick Savage

Intro/outro music: "Hearing music evolve" (Patrick Savage, Hideo Daikoku, Kenta Ueda, Yoichi Kitayama, Marin Naruse, The HU, Timbaland, Gakuto Chiba, Sona Jobarteh, et al., https://youtu.be/Qe1R-R1-Q7A)

Many Voices logo design: Dr Florence Nweke

For today’s episode of “Many Voices”, I was delighted to welcome our guest, Dr Gakuto Chiba, to teach us about min’yo (folk songs) and other music from Japan. Gakuto had just graduated a few days earlier with his PhD from Keio University Shonan Fujisawa Campus, where I had the honour to be his PhD supervisor.

But Gakuto is not just a researcher - he is also the reigning national champion on the Tsugaru-shamisen, a 3-stringed instrument part of the same broad lute family of instruments like the guitar and the oud. Gakuto’s PhD research has explored the science of traditional folk music in Japan and around the world, including how performers like himself have to rely on visual appeal as well as musical virtuosity to win competitions. Gakuto shared some classic folk song bangers like “Soran Bushi” from his homeland of Hokkaido in the cold north of Japan, but also some more contemporary music like “Gimme Choco” from metal/J-pop fusion band BABYMETAL. Gakuto made an eloquent case for why traditional Japanese music and culture is as important as ever in the modern age.

千葉先生、今日はありがとうございました！

Chapters:

00:00 Introduction

00:55 Opening excerpt: "津軽じょんがら節" (Tsugaru Jongarabushi) - performed by Gakuto Chiba (https://youtu.be/cHQBG84DiQs)

02:53 1 (meaningful): “ソーラン節” (Soran Bushi) - sung by Gakuto Chiba (see https://youtu.be/4_FeMek7A4I)

06:26 2 (traditional): "江差追分" (Esashi Oiwake) - sung in 1943 by "a local fisherman with shakuhachi accompanist" (https://theglobaljukebox.org/song/364)

08:24 3 (contemporary): "炭坑節" (Tanko Bushi) - performed by the Minyo Crusaders (https://youtu.be/BMIbQz20524)

09:57 4 (happy): "上を向いて歩こう" (aka "Sukiyaki") - Kyu Sakamoto (https://youtu.be/F284iB65-QU)

11:36 5 (sad): "最後の雨" (Last Rain) - Yasushi Nakanishi (https://youtu.be/yRXvNN6pGSw)

13:04 6 (dance): "ギミチョコ" (Gimme Chocolate) - BABYMETAL (https://youtu.be/rt9bEzh5r-Y)

14:21 7 (bonding): "東京音頭" (Tokyo Ondo) - sung by Naoyuki Harada (https://youtu.be/t2ItkC2zQG0)

16:38 Broader thoughts on music, science, and Japan

Credits:

Recorded on 30 March 2026

Guest: Dr Gakuto Chiba

Presenter/producer/editor: Dr Patrick Savage

Intro/outro music: "Hearing music evolve" (Patrick Savage, Hideo Daikoku, Kenta Ueda, Yoichi Kitayama, Marin Naruse, The HU, Timbaland, Gakuto Chiba, Sona Jobarteh, et al., https://youtu.be/Qe1R-R1-Q7A)

Many Voices logo design: Dr Florence Nweke

For the first episode of “Many Voices: A world music podcast”, I sat down with Society for Music Perception and Cognition President Professor Psyche Loui while we were both in the Netherlands for a symposium about music and evolution. Born in Hong Kong, Psyche has become one of the world’s leading neuroscientists of music, while still staying active performing the violin. I enjoyed hearing Psyche share a wide range of Cantonese music, from sad or nostalgic songs like “Butterfly Lovers” about star-crossed lovers, to up-beat dance songs like Kelly Chen’s “Baby Cat” and karaoke anthems like “Red Sun”. It was also great to hear Psyche’s thoughts on music science, Cantonese language and culture, and her forthcoming book titled “Strange Scales”. I hope you enjoy this conversation with Psyche as much as I did!For more information on Psyche’s research, visit https://www.psycheloui.com. For playlists with full recordings of music from these and other Many Voices episodes, visit http://many-voices.com, where you can also find links to YouTube, Spotify, and Apple Podcasts. Tune in next time to hear Danya Pavlovich sharing the music of her Indigenous Māori culture from Aotearoa New Zealand. And please like and subscribe to help us keep the whole world singing!Timestamps:0:00 Introduction02:35 1 (meaningful): “約定” - 王菲 (https://youtu.be/ygf2uiEUg64) 09:49 2 (traditional): “梁祝” - 粤语版 (https://youtu.be/4knghfDXp7I) 12:04 3 (contemporary): “第二最愛” - 古巨基 (https://youtu.be/W3v8TMziodY) 13:32 4 (happy): “紅日” - 李克勤 (https://youtu.be/2-rGtcdl5aE) 15:12 5 (sad): “友共情” - 古巨基 (https://youtu.be/FKIYnSS6zK0) 16:40 6 (dance): "Baby Cat" - 陳慧琳 (https://youtu.be/a5hSHANesbU) 19:07 Broader thoughts on music, science, and Cantonese cultureCredits:Recorded on April 23, 2026 in Leiden, the NetherlandsGuest: Prof Psyche LouiPresenter/producer/editor: Dr Patrick SavageIntro/outro music: "Hearing music evolve" (Patrick Savage, Hideo Daikoku, Kenta Ueda, Yoichi Kitayama, Marin Naruse, The HU, Timbaland, Gakuto Chiba, Sona Jobarteh, et al., https://youtu.be/Qe1R-R1-Q7A)Many Voices logo design: Dr Florence Nweke

For today’s episode of Many Voices, I was delighted to welcome our guest, Mark Lenini Parselelo, to tell us about the music of his Maasai community. Born in Kenya, Mark moved to Canada to pursue a PhD in Ethnomusicology at Memorial University of Newfoundland. I really enjoyed hearing Mark share music ranging from traditional Maasai lullabies learned from his grandmother, to the jumping adumu dance of moran warriors, to contemporary fusion songs of today’s youth. Maasai culture has rightly become famous around the world, and I hope you enjoy this rare chance to learn about it directly from Mark!Chapters:

00:00 Introduction

02:04 1 (meaningful): Ainoru Osiligi (“The Perfect Hope”) - Sung by Mark Lenini Parselelo

06:09 2 (traditional): "Maasai Song 3" - Recorded 1966 by Pierre Gaisseau (https://theglobaljukebox.org/song/3878)

09:00 3 (contemporary): Engolong’ Osirua - Izzo Kores (https://youtu.be/SN5QLvVJnt0)

10:45 4 Maasai warriors performing a jumping contest in Ewangan village Maasai Mara - Maasai Lifestyle (https://youtu.be/_MO9B2jLOgw)

12:59 5 (happy): Olodumare - Joel Lwaga (https://youtu.be/CJ2zMja5KR8)

14:03 6 (dancing): Amini - Alice Kimanzi & Victor Maestro (https://youtu.be/t9zwjc8LacA)

15:20 Broader thoughts on music, science, and Maasai cultureCredits:

Recorded 4 March 2026

Guest & video editor: Mark Lenini Parselelo

Presenter & producer: Dr Patrick Savage

Intro/outro music: "Hearing music evolve" (Patrick Savage, Hideo Daikoku, Marin Naruse, The HU, Timbaland, Gakuto Chiba, et al., https://youtu.be/Qe1R-R1-Q7A)

Many Voices logo design: Dr Florence Nweke

For today’s episode of “Many Voices”, I was delighted to welcome Danya Pavlovich to teach us about Māori waiata (or songs) from Aotearoa New Zealand. Danya is a PhD candidate in the School of Psychology at Waipapa Taumata Rau / the University of Auckland in Aotearoa New Zealand. Danya has helped lead global experiments measuring relationships between singing and social bonding across dozens of different languages, but today I enjoyed a more personal kōrero (conversation) with her about the music of her own Māori culture. I particularly enjoyed learning about the way the band “Alien Weaponry” has fused traditional Māori instruments and cultural practices with metal styles and imagery to create a song about cannibalism that can only be described as extremely metal. But of course, there is much more to Māori music and culture than traditional warfare, and Danya introduced a wide variety of traditional and contemporary Māori music, including a very old recordings of a traditional oriori (lullaby) and a very groovy contemporary song “35” with a haka that you can’t help but dance along to. She explains that, despite the popular image of the haka as just a “war dance”, haka are often also used for peace to bond people together and to celebrate special occasions.Tēnā koe, Danya, ngā mihi nui ki te kōrero i tēnei rā.Chapters:

0:00 Introduction

02:51 1 (meaningful): Nei rā te kaupapa o te reo Māori ("My Language is my Awakening") - Sung by Danya Pavlovich (composed by Tawhiro Maxwell & Te Okeroa Huriwaka; https://youtu.be/tTUeEZRkPB4)

08:17 2 (traditional): Pōpō - traditional oriori (lullaby), recorded 1949 by Douglas Geoffrey Bridson (https://theglobaljukebox.org/song/109)

14:09 3 (contemporary): Kai Tangata ("Cannibalism") - Alien Weaponry (https://youtu.be/5kwIkF6LFDc)

18:20 4 (happy): Matariki Hunga Nui (Calling Me Home) - Troy Kingi, Rob Ruha & Kaylee Bell (https://youtu.be/YtBH0OIuEkc)

22:00 5 (sad): Kei Wareware i a Tātou ("Lest We Forget") - Te Kuru Marutea (https://youtu.be/jLTwgl8_2H8)

24:24 6 (dancing): 35 - Ka Hao & Rob Ruha (https://youtu.be/jEOydUQXfl8)

29:19 7 (bonding): Tūtira Mai Ngā Iwi ("Stand Together, People") - Sung by Danya Pavlovich (composed by Canon Wi Huata; https://youtu.be/EAq2tFvWrfc)

34:09 Broader thoughts on music, science, and Māori cultureCredits:Recorded 17 March 2026Guest: Danya PavlovichPresenter/producer/editor: Dr Patrick SavageIntro/outro music: "Hearing music evolve" (Patrick Savage, Hideo Daikoku, The HU, Marin Naruse, Gakuto Chiba, Freddie Mercury, Timbaland, et al., https://youtu.be/Qe1R-R1-Q7A)Many Voices logo design: Dr Florence Nweke