
Sign up to save your podcasts
Or


I believe that marketers and the people who consume marketing (that's everybody) need to know the history of the advertising industry and how we went from "Mad Men to Math Men" to quote Alexander Nix, former CEO of Cambridge Analytica.
There is so much more to this history than a bunch of Don Drapers clinking scotch glasses while they come up with pithy slogans. Marketing history intertwines with how politics and culture took shape over the last century. To understand marketing history is to understand ourselves. If you want the short version of this, check out this 3-minute TikTok I created last week.
For the full deep dive into the history of marketing, propaganda, and politics — from WWI, Edward Bernays, and the advent of public relations, to social media, the 2016 election, Trump, the Facebook / Cambridge Analytica scandal, and the FBI raid on Mar-a-Lago that brought us to this moment in history — you'll want to listen to this full episode. Or read the essay version here.
This episode covers:
- How WWI propaganda legitimized the advertising industry; - The irony of Americans declaring independence and then copying the British;
- That time in 1918 when the U.S. government institutionalized fake news;
- The one thing Rand Paul is right about (for all the wrong reasons);
- How public relations put the "truth" back in advertising;
- The not-so-funny story of where "snake oil salesmen" come from;
- What Nazi Germany learned from U.S. laws and leaders;
- The American banana propaganda that led to 36 years of civil war in Guatemala;
- How Facebook exploits the data of people who don't even use the platform;
- Why global corporations have more power than our individual governments
Caring about how to stop caring about what other people think is a timeless (and highly marketable) problem to have — one that hearkens back to the Greek and Roman times, when Stoics like Epictetus first spoke about detachment as a virtue.
Modern Stoics like Ryan Holiday or Tony Robbins have re-popularized these ancient concepts. They sell books and $5K weekends to teach you the secrets of how to care deeply about not caring deeply.
But is "How do I stop caring about what other people think?" possibly the wrong question?Is it even possible in the age of the personal brand?
After all, a brand is literally what people think.
And opting not to care makes it challenging to make a living.
Or to make change...seeing as systems are built and reinforced by people who make choices based on what they think.
Can you imagine a movement — or a world — full of people who don't care what anyone else is thinking? Are we already living in it?
Mentioned in this episode:
And if you are an American, you are an affiliate or brand ambassador.
Theoretically, we're paid in "freedom" and the benefits of living in this country. But are we being paid in full?
As both consumers and ambassadors, the questions to ask ourselves are:
"What is the value proposition? Does America deliver on its brand promise of freedom and justice for all? Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness? What are the benefits of my brand loyalty? And what are the costs of buying in?"
In this episode of Marketing Muckraking, I'm exploring America the brand and the history of patriotic advertising, both for the country and its companies.
Did you know that the Pledge of Allegiance was originally written by a Christian socialist copywriter for The Youth's Companion newspaper in 1892 as a way to sell more newspapers? Readers who sold the most newspapers were awarded a free flag!
The Pledge of Allegiance was advertising, first and foremost.
Join me as we examine America the Brand through:
Branding, at the end of the day, is the engineering of a reputation.
America The Brand has sold us on a reputation of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.If any other brand sold us this message and failed to deliver, we would stop buying. So why do we keep buying into this one?
Join me as we explore the history of selling America and using America to sell:
Donald Trump loves it. So does Shark Tank mogul, Daymond John. And Tiny Tony, or as you may know him, Tony Robbins.
But some names might surprise you.
Rachel Hollis calls it "incredibly sound" and links to it on her blog.
Denise Duffield Thomas loves it and writes about its influence on her own work.
Amanda Frances has a whole tag for it on her blog.
John Lee Dumas says his book, The Common Path to Uncommon Success, is the "modern day version" of it.
The list goes on — Marie Forleo, Selena Soo, Brendon Burchard, Dean Graziosi, Lewis Howes, Ali Brown, Brooke Castillo, James Wedmore...
If you type a celebrity personal brand name into Google with a plus sign + Think And Grow Rich you'll find MOST of the folks leading the online business coaching conversation citing this book on their blog, in podcast interviews, or on their recommended book lists.
Never mind the fact that the book and its author's teachings, Napoleon Hill, have been widely debunked.
Check out Matt Novak's piece for Gizmodo, "The Untold Story of Napoleon Hill, the Greatest Self-Help Scammer of All Time" for all the dirty details.
Hill lied about his famous connections and his wealth and left a trail of lawsuits, murder investigations, cults, and angry ex-business partners in his wake.
With the information we have today, there is absolutely no question that this man was a liar, a scammer, a grifter, and a cult leader.
But people still reference his book as their business bible.
What does that say about them and their own teachings?
This is Part 2 of my debunking of Think And Grow Rich, focused on the immortal baby cult that Hill was a part of — and what happened after.
For Part 1, check out Episode 13 of the Marketing Muckraking podcast. You'll laugh and you might even cry. It's that bad.
Just like tobacco companies targeted kids to create a market of "replacement smokers," so do gun manufacturers. Boys as young as 6 are targeted with ads conflating guns with masculinity, so that by the time they turn 18, the seed has been planted. This helps answer the question, "Why would a young man turn 18 and go buy a gun?" He has been sold guns since childhood. The history of marketing guns as an emblem of masculinity goes back to the 1800s. Guns were positioned as protection for Southerners and their property against a slave uprising, which is why Anderson calls the Second Amendment "steeped in anti-Blackness."
But even after the Bill of Rights was ratified, most Americans didn't own guns.
Guns were expensive. They had to be custom made for each buyer.
The Industrial Revolution changed that.
Not only did Eli Whitney invent the cotton gin, he also developed technology that helped produce interchangeable rifle parts — a key element of mass producing guns.
Guns were standardized and mass produced for the Civil War, leaving surplus that needed selling.
Manufacturers needed marketing to offload their guns — and justify producing more.
This is when catchy slogans like this one from Colt were born:
"God created man, Sam Colt made them equal," a phrase that would become a favorite of gun lovers throughout history and today.
Gunmakers aimed their advertising at white men and their fears of life after slavery was abolished.These same men brandished guns to intimidate newly freed slaves, telling them not to vote — and often killing them if they did.
But gun manufacturers didn't care: there was no regulation around gun marketing or sales, so they continued on, convincing general stores to stock guns next to oats and patent medicines, telling boys and their parents that owning a rifle would help them cultivate "sturdy manliness."
In the early 20th century, the Winchester Repeating Arms Co. launched the "boy plan" to reach 1 million boys between ages 10 and 16. "Every real boy wants a Winchester rifle" read the slogan. This marketing campaign told boys that "real men" owned a Winchester.
In the early 2000s, Remington created the "Man Card" campaign to spotlight the AR-15, which is the rifle used in the Sandy Hook massacre. The campaign told young men that if they didn't "man up" (and buy a rifle) their "man card" would be revoked. In February 2022, the parents of the Sandy Hook victims won a landmark $73 million dollar lawsuit against Remington for specifically targeting young men in their marketing. Up until then, firearm manufacturers had blanket immunity from liability for the crimes committed with their products, regardless of how they marketed them.
That is changing.
If you're asking yourself, "What do I do?" there is political change to be made BUT the consumer protection route is an important approach, as well.
We might not be able to get lawmakers to do what we want — but we can approach activism through the commercial angle.
Today's firearms manufacturers use influencer marketing and "white label" ads through young people in the Creator Economy — on social media and on YouTube.
We can demand legal changes.
But we can also demand that gunmakers stop sponsoring kids with brand deals so they'll promote their guns to young audiences.
Read the full show notes here.
Lots of famous folks are closing shop and "retiring" from coaching and online business. Some people are asking:
"Is the coaching bubble bursting?"I don't think so.
Grifts and pyramid schemes and "coaches" by different names are part of the historical fabric of capitalism. Remember Episode 13 and Napoleon Hill? He was a business coach before we had that term!
There will always be more people desperate to "get rich quick."
I think people leaving coaching and online business aren't evidence that the bubble is bursting but that their bubble is bursting.
They are burned out and, more than anything, realizing that the only ways to continue "scaling" at massive rates are unsustainable and unethical…
Coaches aren't going away. The world is hurting right now and there will always be people who need support...or want a magic pill.What we're seeing is turnover.
For all the burned out folks leaving, there are endless ready to come in and take their place.
Why do you think so many business coaches target brand new entrepreneurs or hopefuls eager to give their "two weeks notice" (the title of Amy Porterfield's upcoming book targeting folks with day jobs who want into the online business economy).
Because this audience is green and hasn't been around long enough to notice the patterns.
This is how folks like Tony Robbins & Dean Graziosi continue to scale. With partners like Jenna Kutcher who give them access to a brand new audience of folks who've never heard their sales pitch.
Folks who don't realize much of their business advice is available free on Google.
Filling a funnel with newbie entrepreneurs is part of the strategy for gaining "transformational" testimonials.
The info they sell in their programs is elementary but to a new entrepreneur who has never heard this stuff before, it feels MIND BLOWING.
So do I think the coaching "bubble" is bursting forever? No.I think we can expect more regulation, yes.
But just like "diet pills," sellers will simply adapt and change their methods.
The worst coaching weaponizes the desperation people feel within capitalism.
As long as people are hurting, others will sell to that pain.
Who doesn't want any easy way out?
Tale as old as time.
The problem is the system that puts profit > people. Not a few unethical coaches.I see many folks peddling the message that wealth building is a feminist endpoint, specifically.
But this denies the reality of this economic system.
Extreme wealth (or wealth, in general) is literally impossible for all people within this system.
Selling wealth as the solution without a critical analysis of the reality of capitalism is just more of the same.
We can't buy (or sell) our way to a better world!
This episode of Marketing Muckraking is all about the question:
"If the coaching bubble ISN'T bursting for good, then who are the GOOD coaches, RKA?"Can you give me a LIST? Make it easy for me. I'm kinda exhausted by all the muckraking. I'd like some feel good answers.
Well I've got answers, alright.
I pulled this episode from the FREE SCHOOL archives.
Last year, I did a live in June 2021 about this very question — "Who are the good coaches, RKA? Who can we trust?"
Listen up — it's a wild ride!
Buckle up. Let's go on an adventure...
And you can download the reverse niching exercise I discuss in this episode here:http://reverseniching.com/
Fire starters like me often want to dismiss the important work of reform. Until I started looking at change through the lens of what I discuss on today's show, I struggled with my own anger and frustration at what I saw as an incomplete approach to change.
And that was my privilege talking.
Oh, I still believe we need a revolution.
But to suggest that nothing other than burning it all down will suffice is to ignore that our world needs change now, not later. Yet, I tried the reform route — that's why I went to law school — and it nearly crushed my spirit.
As a hopeful public interest lawyer, I saw a future of heartbreak that was too much for me to bear. During law school, I worked in an immigration clinic and even successfully helped win a case to reunite a mother and her son. But, despite that accomplishment, and the joy of bringing a family together again, the process of cutting through bureaucracy and red tape — the work of lawyers — was hard on my soul.
I spoke with many working attorneys fighting against injustice from within a broken legal system and knew that, if I took that road, it would not end well for me.
So I quit law school and started...a marketing company? WHAT?!
Over the years, I wondered aloud many times how a radical anticapitalist ended up in branding and advertising — the industry that fuels the engine of capitalism.
It wasn't until I burned it all down last year that I realized, this was the place I was meant to make change. At least for now.
See, for all the soul crushing aspects of working in marketing, there is so much that feeds my spirit and gives me the energy to keep muckraking.
My business has created a playground for my creativity to run wild and free. Before law school, I went to theater school, and realized the life of a working actor wasn't for me, either. But, in my business, I can be much more than an actor — while still folding that in, too. I'm a writer, speaker, comedian, video editor, producer, strategist, designer, researcher, saleswoman, coach, collaborator, cheerleader, GIFluencer, and the woman of 1,000 wigs.
Within capitalism, we all have to make compromises.
The career question then becomes less about finding your "dream job" — because it likely doesn't exist. At least, not without its drawbacks. Instead, it's about, finding the career path that hurts the least while fueling your soul the most.And, for me, it was about finding — creating — a job that allowed me to make change while also making space for my spirit.
For you, your career might not be where you're making change. Maybe your job makes it possible for you to make change "off the clock." That's your compromise.
We all have to make them.
And that's what this episode is all about.
How to find your way in the world as a changemaker, whether it's in your job or in your community.
I outline the four types of changemakers to help you understand how to best position yourself in the world to make the maximum impact, while staying true to yourself. But the reality is, we each have all four types of changemakers inside of us. We just harness them at different times.
I know many people who may reformers at their day jobs, innovators in their businesses, bridge builders with their friends, and fire starters when it comes to politics.
You may express the changemaker within differently in different contexts...that's the rainbow of it all. ;-) Listen now to learn about all four changemaking types and figure out which one best defines you.
Want some help? I created a quiz to help you determine which of the four changemakers you are!http://changemakerquiz.com/
I spent many years creating content that spoke to this question in my show, Awkward Marketing, where I tried to help people find "easy" swaps for the unethical practices that had become industry standard.
But, then I realized there was more to the conversation around "sleaze" in business than just switching out the "bad" with the "good."
I wrote about this in my essay, "I Hate Marketing" And Other Lies We Tell Ourselves.
Because after 13 years of running a branding studio and speaking with hundreds of entrepreneurs, I started to notice a pattern.
When people want a "non-sleazy" way of marketing their business, I believe what they are really asking for is a way out of capitalism.Becoming a business owner forces you to participate in the system in a different way, no longer as a passive consumer but someone driving your own products and services. And when you do this, you quickly realize all the ways that the game is rigged.
The celebrity personal brands leading the online business industrial complex want us to believe that if we don't like their methods, we have a mindset issue.
This is the same argument Tony Robbins makes when he says that the #MeToo movement is simply a "drug" to make victims feel good. He promotes an ideology that says we shouldn't get angry about systemic injustice, but instead think our way out of it individually.
And this is also the same argument that Napoleon Hill makes in his book, Think And Grow Rich.
In today's episode of Marketing Muckraking, I explore the culture of personal branding and my own quest to understand what branding is doing to us. This led me to explore the history of the personal brand, which took me back in time, stopping in the early 20th century, when Napoleon Hill built his brand and popularized the idea of thought leadership and manifestation in Think And Grow Rich.
Many of modern business's most influential leaders cite Think And Grow Rich as a book they draw immense inspiration from.Tony Robbins promotes Think And Grow Rich on his website with an affiliate link.
Daymond John of Shark Tank swears by its teachings.
Donald Trump loves Napoleon Hill and cited Think And Grow Rich in some of his own books. The book is prosperity gospel meets snake oil.
And if you know the history of snake oil, which was popularized in the USA in the late 19th and early 20th century by Clark Stanley, self-described "Rattlesnake King," then you also know that muckrakers tested his snake oil liniment and found that 1) it didn't contain any actual snake oil and 2) it didn't cure any of the things it purported to. That's where the term "snake oil salesman" comes from!
And Think And Grow Rich is snake oil, too.Napoleon Hill lied about much of the wisdom he shared in his book, where he claimed to interview the rich and famous, like Andrew Carnegie and Thomas Edison, on the "secrets to their success."
Not only that, but Hill ran one of the country's early pyramid schemes, led a sex cult, and covered up a murder? For the juicy details, you'll want to listen to this episode of the show.
Hill's success is more a credit to how capitalism rewards abuse than his own genius.
As I shared in this episode, there is no "do no harm" way of existing within capitalism.Most of the products we are surrounded by, with the very small exception of things like handmade goods you purchase directly from small creators — make their way through the supply chain, passing through the hands of many workers, with environmental impacts, as well as the implications of packaging and waste.
If you purchase fast fashion or buy your clothes from nearly any major retailer — that clothing has passed through a sweatshop.
If you're a Midwesterner like me and you buy fruit in the winter — or any food that isn't local to your region — that food has traveled thousands of miles to arrive at your grocery store. And there were people paid less than they should have been to get that food to you. I could go on and on.
I speak to many people who proudly boycott Amazon, for example, without realizing that Netflix and Disney+ both use Amazon web services.
So does Pinterest, AirBNB, NASA, The Guardian. So if you pin things on a mood board — you are supporting Amazon. If you read The Guardian, you are supporting Amazon. If you stay at an AIRBNB, you are supporting Amazon. And, if you are a tax paying American, you are supporting Amazon, simply because your taxes go to NASA.
There is no way to fully divest from the harms of capitalism. We are all participants in this system, whether we like it or not.
If you are troubled by what I shared in this episode, then the painful truth I must tell you is that the answers you seek won't be found within capitalism. We've gone too far for that. There is no easy way to level the playing field or buy our way out of this.
Business, all business, within this system, is "sleazy."
So then the question becomes — not "how do I find an easy, ethical swap for running my business the GOOD way," but...
How do I run a business that mitigates and prevent as much harm as possible while building towards a better answer, a better future — outside this system?In my next episode, I'll talk about the 4 types of change makers to help you figure out the most effective ways for YOU to make change within and outside of this system. We don't ALL need to burn shit down — but we DO need all hands on deck.
Stay tuned for the next episode for more on what you can do to be part of the change we need — and spoiler — NO, it's not thinking and growing rich.
Oh and should I do a Part 2 of this to tell you more about Napoleon Hill and his Immortal Baby Sex Cult?
Let me know!
Sources for and mentions in this podcast:
Whether you've been in business for 10 years or 10 minutes — and even if you're not — you know that "freedom" is a term used to sell most anything. From online courses to laundry detergent to...the United States of America.
There is a history here.
When America shifted from an agrarian economy to one based around mass production, the capitalists who owned the factories churning out mass produced goods needed all hands on deck, not just on the factory floor, but at the cash register.
Many people believe that worker rights were won solely by dedicated activists but this is not entirely true.Decades before labor laws were passed, many forward thinking factory owners and CEOs started scaling back work weeks and increasing employee pay. Not because they had big hearts, but because they had big inventory to move. And they knew that a mass public too tired and broke to part with the few dollars they earned would spell catastrophe for their sales.
So, companies increased wages and decreased hours so that people had just enough time and money to buy the widgets they were producing.
And they rolled out widespread advertising campaigns to help people feel more comfortable spending their hard earned money.
Edward Filene deemed this "The School of Freedom," where the public was "trained" in being constant consumers.Freedom — the same selling point behind The Constitution — was now seen as the freedom to participate in the economy and buy whatever we wanted, regardless of race, ethnicity, sex, or credo.
Today, we no longer need "training" in "The School of Freedom."
We see buying as self-care.
Our liberties may be shrinking, but the amount of products fighting for the honor of helping us "treat" ourselves is consistently growing.
In this episode of Marketing Muckraking, we dive into the history of how advertisers helped create a mass buying public and what "freedom" means as it pertains to reproductive rights.
I am publishing this on Mother's Day weekend because this year, parenthood looks different for many people, which is why I'm choosing now to share my story of choice and my own complicated relationship with motherhood.
In the spirit of this episode on consumer culture, I urge you to consume more history. If you're going to buy, buy more books. Learn about this nation's history and traditions.I recommend A People's History of the United States by Howard Zinn. This was the first book I read about American history that didn't present our founders as flawless heroes. Start here and then keep reading...
Sources for this episode include:
This podcast episode began in FREE SCHOOL. Listen to the full episode for more on what FREE SCHOOL was exactly and why it culminated in this essay and video.
I've thought a lot about whether I should include this in the Marketing Muckraking podcast...
This was while I was "burning it all down" and this recording is very fiery, to put it lightly.
But it's also hilarious. And it's also true.
Which is why I decided to include it here.
Nothing has changed since I posted this last year, except that time has passed and many people have forgotten that all this ever happened or never knew about it to begin with.
In this recording, I talk a lot about "putting it on the Google record" and that the scary thing about the Internet isn't fake news, but no news. And I stand by that.When we're talking about corporations with human faces in the age of the personal brand, one of the most troubling features is that people with self-professed 7, 8, 9+ figure companies want us to treat them the way we would a girl next door, instead of a corporation.
Many people believe that "women supporting women" don't publicly say anything when a woman is harming millions of women.
But who exactly are we supporting when we believe this? Are we supporting the women who are harmed and gaslit into believing that they weren't?
This recording doesn't go after small businesses, but the folks at the top who are getting rich by making the rest of us believe we're all just "one funnel away" from sitting at the table with them.
Just a few weeks ago, Rachel Hollis re-entered the speaking circuit — on Russell Brunson's ClickFunnels stage. You'll hear me address why he is so incredibly troubling and problematic in this video but let me boil it down to this.
Russell Brunson directly compares building a business to building a cult and he uses examples like Hitler to do it, rewriting history to position Hitler as a "movement builder."He says this in page 2 of his book, Expert Secrets, which Amy Porterfield still has a live affiliate link to on her own podcast and blog, where she says, "no one knows how to build a movement better than super entrepreneur Russell Brunson." Later in the show notes she says, "I loved this book so much and I know you will, too."
This is how I learned about Russell Brunson in the first place. Because I trusted Amy Porterfield and her recommendations.
In a 2017 interview with Andrew Warner of Mixergy, recorded at the same time as Porterfield's, Warner says, "You are the Adolf Hitler of ClickFunnels," and Brunson agrees, while laughing.
Every person I cite in this recording has supported Brunson over the years and continues to support him — including and especially Jenna Kutcher and Rachel Hollis — and have never distanced themselves from him and his harmful approach to business as they did so performatively last year with Hollis when she made her statements disparaging her housekeeper.
So, that is why I'm bringing this recording back.
It's still true.
It's still deeply troubling.
And it should not be lost to Instagram history and forgotten simply because time has passed.
As I repeat again and again in this episode, put it on the record.Mentioned in this episode:
From the publisher's feed