If you hear a voice within you saying, “You are not a painter,” then by all means paint, boy, and that voice will be silenced.
—vincent van gogh
ALTHOUGH A LITTLE constructive self-criticism can be beneficial—it motivates us to grow and become a better version of ourselves—too much of it, or the wrong kind, can be highly detrimental. We tend to be our own worst critics, and often we go too far. We forget our keys and think, “I’m such an idiot.” Or we have an off day at work and think, “I’m incompetent.” These negative thoughts become all too pervasive and can be highly destructive. They eat away at our ability to be happy, and they are at the very core of low self-esteem and self-confidence.
Self-talk is the constant stream of unspoken thoughts we think each day. Those thoughts can be either positive or negative, but negative self-talk is rarely constructive. Instead of providing helpful ideas for improvement, it focuses on what’s wrong and is destructive. And when we allow ourselves too much negative self-talk for too long, it leads to stress and anxiety as well as depression. Positive self-talk, however, has the power to reduce stress and can lead to improved mood.
Negative self-talk tends to take on one of four forms: catastrophizing—you assume the worst is going to happen; filtering—you accentuate the negative and downplay the positive; personalizing—you assume you are to blame when things go awry; and polarizing—seeing everything as black or white, with no gray in between. You may put yourself down or call yourself names. Maybe you tell yourself you aren’t good enough. Maybe you obsessively analyze personal interactions for evidence that people don’t like you.
Often, patterns of negative self-talk start when we are children. Maybe a parent criticized you or led you to believe you were never good enough. Or maybe a parent suffered from lack of self-esteem, and you’ve come to model their behavior. Maybe you were made fun of in school. Or maybe you went through several damaging experiences that caused you to become sarcastic or negative. Regardless of the cause, these thought patterns will become more and more integrated into your way of thinking as you get older